Abstract
To overcome the chaos and the devastations caused by the Second World War, Countries had to set up new institutions liable to restore a stable international order. This reconstruction was led by the United States of America and its allies. From 1941, in the Atlantic chart, the allies wanted to reaffirm the freedom principles concerning navigation, international transactions and the raw materials access. In 1945, this liberalist thought beneficed from the dominant influence of the USA and it also coincided with the interest of the United States of America. In fact, the huge national production of the US asked for huge exterior open markets. Moreover, conscious of its economic position linked to the war, the American bankers wanted to be reimbursed through non devaluated money. That is why, the USA desired to elaborate a new economic and international system.
