Restoration of the Old Order in Europe and France: A Return to Absolutism?

Extract

[...] This article of the Charter is a first step towards democratizing the press, and therefore political debate. This very notion is incompatible with absolutism, which admits no contradiction. The explicit use of the word 'opinion' clearly shows the eminently political nature of this article. - Although this passage aims to denounce revolutionary violence and the weakness of parliamentarism, the use of the word 'public liberty' at the same level as 'throne' is not insignificant and testifies to the end of absolutism. [...]

[...] The Charter therefore plays on the compromise by introducing a property-based suffrage, thus satisfying the bourgeoisie and conservatives. - In the political organization of the Charter, the separation of powers is almost non-existent. The executive power belongs to the King, and while the legislative power rests on two assemblies, the monarch appoints one of them (Chamber of Peers) and can dissolve the one elected by the censitary suffrage (Chamber of Deputies). He can also legislate by ordinance (thus bypassing the Chambers) and prepare laws. [...]

[...] The restoration of the old order in Europe and France: a return to absolutism? Instructions and documents: Correction of the exercise" Citation Reformulation Explanation The Constitutional Charter of 1814 prevents any return to absolutism - « Art.1 The French are equal before the law - « Art Their individual liberty is also guaranteed - « Art The French have the right to publish and print their opinions - « ? Public liberty is no less in danger than the throne itself - The judicial institutions must treat all citizens in the same way. [...]

[...] As for the judicial power, it rests on judges appointed by the King. It is therefore a strong monarchy, if not absolute, relying on rather democratic institutions. - This passage is a double criticism, directed against revolutionary violence and the weakness of parliamentarism. It is therefore a conservative point of view. - As mentioned above, in a monarchy, there are no citizens but subjects. Despite the political evolution initiated by the Charter, strongly conservative principles are also reaffirmed: power still resides with the 'crown'. [...]