Extract
[...] (2020). Data breach investigations report (DBIR). Of https://www.verizon.com/business/resources/reports/dbir/ 4. Ministry of Ecological and Solidary Transition. (n.d.). Databases on natural and technological risks in France. Of https://www.georisques.gouv.fr/donnees/bases-de-donnees 5. D'Ercole, M. (2017). Typology of risks and catastrophes. In Geoconfluences. [...]
[...] Joliveau, T. (2011). The geoweb, a new challenge for geographic databases. L'Espace géographique, 154-163. 2. Terrier, C. (2011). The value of geographic data. L'Espace géographique, 103-108. 3. Verizon. [...]
[...] This change of era also modifies our interactions with others on a smaller scale, but when looking at it on a larger scale, it revolutionizes our policies or rather the way our policies are made.5 Natural disasters can have a devastating impact on geographic databases, particularly in vulnerable sectors such as health, finance, politics, or the environment. Natural events can modify the topography, rendering obsolete the data recorded on a sector. According to Verizon DBIR 2020 data, these domains are the most affected. This leads to the creation of protection, management, and reaction measures against these risks. Backup and data recovery protocols, rapid data updates, and the use of new forms of technology mitigate these risks. By anticipating the events resulting from these disasters, their impacts are reduced. Bibliography: 1. [...]
[...] A piece of data can only be considered geographical if it serves to answer a geographical question. Instead of 'cartographic', which classified them by form of representation, they are now referred to as 'spatial', or even 'geospatial', according to an English neologism, to distinguish the terrestrial or sublunar space from interplanetary space. Given the nature of their subject, geographers are undoubtedly avid consumers of data that can be represented in the form of maps. However, these are far from meeting all their needs, and they are not the only ones. [...]
[...] Christophe, mechanical graphology relied essentially on punched cards. Once data processing developed, digital technology took over to replace mechanical graphology. The advent of these technologies marked a drastic evolution in the quantity of data collected, but several problems also arose. Firstly, the coherence and incoherence of certain data sources were calculated. The problem that remains to this day is how to harmonize this large number of different sources. As for the second problem, it comes from the confidentiality of individual data. [...]
