International Monetary Fund and its functioning
Thesis - 7 pages - Theories and economic notions
In 1853, Commodore Matthew C. Perry entered Japan and opened the country to international trade with the Western societies. Japan was then an ill-developed country, living according to its old traditions and religions. In 1868, a new Emperor from the Meiji dynasty, Mutsuhito, who was only 15...
Toyota: How trade barriers can affect the firm's strategy in terms of marketing operations - publié le 04/01/2011
Thesis - 10 pages - Theories and economic notions
Automotive industry is recognized as one of the most global of all industries. “On a global level, the assets of the top ten multinational automotive enterprises represent 28% of the assets of the world's top 50 companies, 29% of their employment and 30% of their total sales. In 1999, four...
The effects of fair trade on the coffee industry: An overview
Thesis - 4 pages - Theories and economic notions
There are many definitions for Fair Trade, however, none of which have been accepted as a standard definition. The Fair Trade Foundation, Oxfam and Traidcraft have agreed the following common definition of Fair Trade: “Fair Trade is an alternative approach to conventional international...
To analyze the effects of Fair Trade on international trade and especially on the coffee industry
Internship report - 25 pages - Theories and economic notions
There are many definitions for fair trade, however, none of which have been accepted as a standard definition. The Fairtrade Foundation, Oxfam and Traidcraft have agreed the following common definition of fair trade: “Fair Trade is an alternative approach to conventional international trade....
What is the Chinese government's energy strategy to guarantee its energy requirements and its dynamic growth rate?
Thesis - 50 pages - Theories and economic notions
Some energies are essential to develop economies and industries of developed countries since the industrial revolution: coal, gas and oil. 90 % of the world consumption is based on these energies. Several factors involve that countries need more and more of these energies: high technologies, car...
Microcredit is imperiled in India by defaults
Text commentary - 3 pages - Theories and economic notions
The article is about the private micro-credit industry, collapsing in Andhra Pradesh, the Indian's largest state. Many borrowers have stopped repaying their loans. This movement was initiated by politicians because the industry would earn too much on the backs of the poor. Indian banks are...
Strategies France must implement to stay a leader in the global wine market
Essay - 3 pages - Theories and economic notions
The main reason to explain this crisis simply is that there is an extremely harsh worldwide competition. Indeed, the 'powerful' competitors to France's wine industry knew how to push their strengths using 'competitive and attractive' wines which charmed consumers and mainly...
Business Environment: China
Course material - 5 pages - Theories and economic notions
Despite a slowdown amidst the global economic crisis of 2008-2009, China remains the world's fastest growing economy. Real GDP grew at 8.7% in 2009, mainly owing to the government's huge stimulus program. A stronger growth of 10.0% is expected for 2010 as a result of a recovery in the...
International financial management: Impact of International criminality
Essay - 5 pages - Theories and economic notions
Annual gross product of identified criminal activities is approximately $1000 billion that is to say 20% of the world trade. Admitting that charges on this kind of business represents 50% of this gross product (suppliers, production, corruption, investment, management fee) means that the annual...
China in the global economy: A fast growing export country
Essay - 4 pages - Theories and economic notions
The economy of China is particularly interesting to look at, because China was still over two decades ago a very poor country, whose planned economy didn't allow any improvement for its citizens' standards of living. But after a series of reforms oriented towards the market and initiated by Deng...
What are the main functions of capital markets? How useful are they as a source of finance?
Essay - 3 pages - Theories and economic notions
Capital markets have two important functions: primary market and secondary market. The primary market provides new capital. It is mostly considered as a source of finance for companies which want to raise capital in order to finance their development or acquisitions. The second function of...
Phillips and Young - the common critique of liberalism and the divergence of views on democracy, the equality and rights
Essay - 2 pages - Theories and economic notions
Our modern society has been solidly founded upon liberal principles; the Enlightenment constitutes one of the most influential political ideas in the nation-building process. Nevertheless, some criticism has emerged as our society seems to fail to provide all its citizens political equality....
What are the common classical liberal assumptions about human rights and how are they criticized by Proudhon, Marx, Engels, and Bebel?
Essay - 3 pages - Theories and economic notions
The United States declaration of rights proclaims three main rights: right to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. They are perceived as intrinsic to human beings. These principles were built in opposition to the monarchy and were supposed to ensure the people their rights, in the sense of...
The Schumpeterian entrepreneur
Essay - 4 pages - Theories and economic notions
In addition to institutions like private property, contract, and competition, "but also all conduct to be followed by individuals failing to meet with organized resistance", Joseph Schumpeter (1883-1950) considers the movement as consubstantial with the capitalist society. It will identify a...
The origins of capitalism by Max Weber
Book review - 5 pages - Theories and economic notions
In a way, we can say that all Weber's work is dominated by the question of the origins of capitalism: Why capitalism was born, and how it eventually emerged not only as a dominant mode or exclusive economic behavior but even more broadly as a cultural model marking all spheres of social life,...
The origins of capitalism according to Max Weber
Essay - 5 pages - Theories and economic notions
The rationalization of economic activity shall ultimately have already had the occasion to emphasize the historical dynamic of rationalization which is characteristic of the West in all its dimensions. Similarly it shall defend itself explicitly as wanting to support "an absurdly doctrinaire...
Capitalism and report time. Essay on chronophobie capital
Text commentary - 9 pages - Theories and economic notions
How has capitalism transformed our relationship to time (cosmic, historical, social, and individual)? To address this question, I shall refer mainly but not exclusively to Marx. Though it does not give us a systematic and comprehensive analysis of this issue, there are notations about it...
Capitalism, planned economies and the concept of supply and demand
Worksheets - 1 pages - Theories and economic notions
Capitalism is characterized by a private enterprise system contrary to a planned economy which is based on the collective or governmental ownership by the means of production, that is to say that all the enterprises in the country are public. Capitalism is theoretically based on a pure and...
Economic globalization: the return of territory in the economic area - published: 06/02/2010
Essay - 4 pages - Theories and economic notions
The return of the territory is highlighted by some economists who highlight certain areas of the economic structure today (metropolitan cities). The major economic centers are organized around specific areas: the new spatialization of economic polarization is the ‘activities around major...
The Marxist Theory of the State and the African State
Essay - 4 pages - Theories and economic notions
After they became independent, the new African states had to adopt a specific political and economical orientation; they had the choice either to follow the system inherited from the European colonizers, mainly liberalism and capitalism, or to oppose the colonial politics by adopting socialism,...
The concept of degrowth: origins and definitions
Course material - 3 pages - Theories and economic notions
The study of the concept of degrowth has been increasing at the end of the twentieth century and the twenty-first century, due to the awareness of an ecological crisis materialized by some multiple kinds of pollution like air, water. What is alarming is the fact that it affects everyone and...
Saving self control: A behavioral approach to analyze why individuals save and what prevents them from doing it well
Essay - 10 pages - Theories and economic notions
How and why consumers and investors save, has remained as a puzzle since modern economists approached the question. Clearly, we save because we have to, but we rarely ever want to save as an end in and of itself. Current the leading models present this dilemma as a struggle between two personal...
The micro foundations of the Romer model
Course material - 10 pages - Theories and economic notions
The technological progress is stated as the engine of economic growth in the neoclassical growth model, but some models like Solow model, always set the technological progress as an exogenous variable with a constant rate g. Romer model indigences the technological progress, and also shows the...
The Levin model of monetary integration
Course material - 8 pages - Theories and economic notions
In the following work the Levin model of monetary integration is going to be derived and then used to show that the union monetary expansion reduces income divergence between the countries in the union and that fiscal expansion in one of the countries increases income divergence. Also it is going...
The Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans model
Case study - 9 pages - Theories and economic notions
The Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans model is an economic model resembling the Solow model. The purpose of this paper is to outline the model with government, and assess the effects of government spending being tax or bond financed. We will see a result stating that it does not matter whether government...
Rationality in Economics from Shaun Hargreaves Heap
Book review - 1 pages - Theories and economic notions
The purpose of the book is to single out the different kinds of rationality throughout the social sciences utilities: the desires (goals, preferences, ends), the beliefs (knowledge, information), and the action framework. Rationality in an economic perspective is how we make a choice or...
Microeconomics, main concepts for an economy study: capital formation, production, consumption, employment, credit multiplier, money demand, money supply, prime rate, Keynesian transmission mechanism, exports, imports and government expenditures
Essay - 14 pages - Theories and economic notions
Financial investment and interest rates have a positive relationship. Financial investment represents investment in bonds or shares or money saving in the bank. If the interest rate increases, the return of investment will be better. You will get more return on shares (or bonds) and earn more...
Innovation - a theorical approach regarding adoption and diffusion
Essay - 9 pages - Theories and economic notions
Innovation is a concept widely studied in scientific literature. However, it seems that a lot of work can still be doing about it. This is not a new concept, but it is still very difficult to define, because all the studies have different opinion on this subject. Innovation is a very simple word,...
