Abstract
Humphrey and Johnson entered the Senate in 1949. While Johnson entered as a Southern conservative, Humphrey stood as a champion of civil rights. Indeed, Humphrey who served as Mayor of Minneapolis from 1945 to 1949 gained notoriety by becoming one of the founders of the liberal anti-communist Americans for Democratic Action (ADA) and erasing Minneapolis' previous reputation as "the anti-Semitism capital of America". However, what gave him national fame was the role he played at the National Democratic Convention of 1948. Trying to avoid a split of the Democratic Party and satisfied the Southern conservatives who defended a "states' rights" position, Truman's supporters adopted a moderate civil rights plank.
