Islam politics, Saudi Arabia Wahhabi past, Turkey secularism, Senegal nationalism, France Muslim dialogue, FORIF, Muslim world, Islamic law, secular countries
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Abstract
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Abstract
Analysis of the complex links between Islam and politics in various countries, including Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Senegal, and France.
Extract
[...] This image also allows us to highlight the fact that marabouts, due to their position, have a huge influence on elections and political decision-making. In fact, presidential candidates will listen to and make political decisions if their marabout agrees. Conversely, voters will vote for the candidate from their brotherhood and chosen by the marabout. This practice is not historically located, as already in 1951, Léopold Sédar Senghor won the legislative elections thanks to the support of the leaders of the Muslim brotherhoods. [...]
[...] Sometimes as a rival to politics This time, we will use documents 1 and 3. First, we will recall the change in the founding date of the Saudi state, thus excluding the role of religion in the creation of Saudi Arabia. Then, we will also see the creation of the Turkish state and the secularist policy carried out by Mustafa Kemal during the 1920s and 1930s. Undoubtedly, 'King Salman signed a decree on January moving the formation of the first Saudi state back to February 22, 1727' (l. [...]
[...] The third iconographic document is the flag of the Republican People's Party or CHP Turkish (created in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal, Atatürk). On this flag, six arrows of the flag are represented in reference to the six principles of the Kemalistic ideology. And finally, the fourth document is an excerpt from a communiqué from the French Ministry of the Interior on the FORIF, namely the «Forum of Islam in France: A New Step in the Dialogue between Public Authorities and the Muslim Faith » thus allowing us to understand the relationships between Islam and the French state. [...]
[...] To answer this problem, we will first see how politics perceives Islam as an ally or, on the contrary, as a rival. Then, in a second part, we will analyze the reconcilability between Islam and secularism. Islam and Politics: Historical and Contemporary Links Islam sometimes as an ally ? In this sub-part, we will focus on documents 1 and 2. First, we will see how the Muslim religion is closely linked to the creation of the Saudi state, then how Islam is used for nationalist and electoral purposes in Senegal. [...]
[...] But is this truly in line with the principle of laïcité? When one can see that the reference to Islamic law is excluded except in the Code of Family Law, (which is based on a system of options allowing Muslims who wish to be in compliance with their religion), that judges trained in positive law are still personally imbued with their religion, but also that the informal regulation of conflicts often based on Islamic customs, etc. In the end, Senegalese laïcité is not the same as that of France, this one is based on 'neutrality', that is to say that 'the legal framework that seeks to allow the coexistence of all identities, as peaceful and harmonious as possible' (Senegalese Constitution of 1959). [...]
