Abstract
The Social Democratic parties in Scandinavia have been set as examples in many countries since their success over years, and their ability to promote democracy and effective ways of government have been admired. They inspired the socialist movement born in Europe, principally from the thoughts of Karl Marx, Friedriech Engels, Robert Owen, Joseph Proudhon (utopist) and Ferdinand Lasalle, and has underlined the need for equality between individuals, more freedom and social justice. Their domination in Scandinavian politics has been the symbol of the success of socialist ideas applied to the reality for years. Their implementation of Social Democracy has turned them into prosperous democracies. The first Democratic Party was born in Denmark in 1879, and then has spread in Scandinavia, Norway in 1887 and in Sweden in 1889. I will scrutinize these three country, as I specified studying such parties in Scandinavia, because they have had a less striking influence in Finland (mainly due to the USSR) and in Iceland. As the success of Social Democratic parties in Denmark, Norway and Sweden may not be contested, the question that may be raised is why this kind of parties has succeeded in Scandinavia and not in others, how far did they do so (difference between countries), and which structural explanations may account for this domination.
