Abstract
The Fifth Republic wanted to break with the system of parties in the first half of the century, particularly because of the instability of the parliamentary system of the Fourth Republic. One major evolution in political and institutional areas gradually shaped a new system of parties under the Fifth Republic by remodelling the political landscape: the presidential election with a direct universal suffrage in two rounds. It led to a polarization of the political landscape. Both "fait majoritaire" and rationalization of the Parliament ensured the stability of the government.
Despite the recent issues with the succession of alternations and cohabitations, the French parties' system is still a bipolar system, which leads to representative issues.
