Europeanisation, French environmental policy, water policy, EU environmental standards, NEPIs, environmental policy instruments, European Union, France, environmental legislation, pollution policy
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Abstract
This document analyzes the degree of Europeanisation of French environmental policy, focusing on the water policy sector and the influence of EU environmental standards.
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[...] The effects on the content of policies environmental The effects of the europeanisation are more visible on the content of measures decided to national plan. According to the OECD of French environmental legislation would be of European origin (Lacroix & Zaccai p.212). However, this influence varie in the time. In the domain specific to water, France has been a pioneer in the 60s with its law on the regime and distribution of water and the fight against its pollution adopted very early on compared to the first European directives in this field. [...]
[...] Review of History, vol no pp. 117-126. Tsayem Demaze, Moïse. 'International Conventions on the Environment: Status of Ratifications and Commitments of Developed Countries and Developing Countries' development L'Information géographique, vol no pp. 84-99. Reports Halpern, Charlotte. On the Europeanisation of environmental policy instruments : the limited effect of instrumental innovation in the case of France. NEWGOV research report 09/D04. Sites Internet Eau France, « The main current texts » [online], eaufrance.fr December 2018, [consulted on 3 May 2019]. [...]
[...] France is part of European countries that have created a Ministry of the Environment well before Europe took hold of the issue. Its field of action and prerogatives have however been established. At the same time, one observes the creation of structures of coordination and of surveillance (IFEN, CGEDD), nevertheless, on ne cannot accurately assert that such structures have been solely influenced by European legislation (Jordan & Liefferink p.5). Par consequently, Europeanisation of structures policies is realized more of manner gradual. [...]
[...] Europeanization has also led to the creation of new environmental policy instruments. By example, the principle you polluter-pays principle has entered into European legislation In 1987, it will not be included in French law until 1995 with the Barnier law. Apart from the introduction of this central concept, Europeanization has not had radical effects on the instruments of French environmental policy. In fact, Europe has gradually evolved its environmental policy instruments towards the NEPIs (new environmental policy instruments), instruments plus souples here ne visent plus à contraindre but à influencer the comportment of the different actors concerned (Berny p.13). [...]
[...] Europeanization ascendant, descendant and horizontal. The analysis of the Europeanization of the policy environmental so it is complex car she if does at of multiples levels. It's why, it we seems primordial to analyze the different dimensions of Europeanization (descendant, ascendant and horizontal). The EU has undoubtedly acted for a convergence of norms environmental at to be of the Europe, but the instruments of which promote are largely imported from member states (Meyer p.119). This is particularly palpable in the 70s, a period during which European environmental policy develops without legal basis (Halpern p.17). [...]
