Genetic Analysis of Clementine Origin and Hybridization
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Themes
Clementine, Hybridization, Genetic Origin, Fruit Tree Species, Bigaradier, Mandarin, Dihybridism, Inter-chromosomal Recombination
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Abstract
This document provides a detailed analysis of the genetic origin of clementines, a hybrid fruit tree species, and the results of its hybridization with other fruit tree species. The study explores the genetic characteristics of clementines and their parent species, including the bigaradier and mandarin trees. The findings of this research have significant implications for our understanding of the genetic basis of fruit tree species and the development of new fruit tree varieties.
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[...] According to the report to the Academy of Sciences in 1909, of the hybrid ation Between the bigaradier and the mandarin tree, resulting varieties with mixed characteristics between the bigaradier and the mandarin tree. Once again, we have seen that the crossing between bigaradiers and mandarin trees could give in the second generation clementines, which have sweet fruits (between bitter and sweet). The clementine therefore has a hybrid origin, resulting from the crossing between mandarin and bigaradier. This hybridization allows for an earlier variety than the mandarin and which therefore produces sweet fruits over a longer period. [...]
[...] We then cross the F1 individuals of phenotype with sweet mandarin trees of phenotype D]. We then obtain, in identical proportions, the following 4 phenotypes: - 25% of sweet orange trees of phenotype S]. - 25% of sweet orange trees of phenotype D]. - 25% of sweet mandarin trees D]. - 25% of sweet mandarin or clementine trees of phenotype S]. The sweet mandarin or clementine variety is therefore of phenotype this phenotype is obtained by crossing F1 homozygous individuals with homozygous individuals of phenotype D]. [...]
[...] We can deduce here that 2 different genes are involved and that we are in a case of dihybridism. The first document indicates that the crossing of bitter orange varieties (or bigarads) and sweet mandarin varieties resulted in a 1 F1 generation 100% homogeneous and in this case of sweet oranges. Since in F1 we obtain oranges by crossing oranges and mandarins, we can deduce that the allele coding for the orange species is dominant and that the allele coding for the mandarin species is recessive. [...]
