Towards a European Confederation? From de Gaulle's Return to Power to the Milan European Summit (1958-1985)
Course material - 6 pages - Modern history
After the failure of the federal concept and the more prudent approach of the Rome Treaties, for about 30 years, the European Economic Community (EEC) seemed to develop more along the concept of a European Confederation, not a Federation, as envisioned by the Founding Fathers,...
Anglo-German relations in the European Union, 1945-2019
Presentation - 10 pages - International relations
History showed that Germany and the United Kingdom were often enemies, even if they were also strongly dependent and linked on many levels. Indeed, they were commercial and industrial rivals before 1914, and then they fought against each other during the two World Wars. But more recently, they...
The growing involvement of the European Union in the control of foreign investment in its territory
Essay - 6 pages - European union
This is what the European Commission said on March 25th, 2020 for the Member States concerning foreign direct investment and free movement of capital from third countries, and the protection of Europe's strategic assets. From this quotation, we can see that the European Union...
Afghanistan: Threats and opportunities for the Transatlantic relation
Essay - 10 pages - International relations
Afghanistan represents undoubtedly one of the greatest challenges for the Western democracies. The reversal of the Taliban by the international coalition led by the United States after the 9/11 terrorist attacks was seen as a symbol of hope. This war was considered as legitimate, because of the...
Are regionalism and globalisation compatible or contradictory trends?
Essay - 5 pages - Economy general
Nowadays, it is paradoxical to see the development, in a global world, of several types of regions. This process began after the Second World War, with the development of the international trade flows between economies. The creation in 1957 of the European Economic Community, by the Treaty...
The European employment strategy
Dissertation - 7 pages - European union
Over the last ten years, employment has remained the top concern of Europeans, including new EU members. In fact, due to the lack of change in each national level, EU citizens have grown to trust the European Union more than their own governments to improve their country's...
Jean-Claude Junker's vision for the European Union: the first steps towards federal integration?
Essay - 8 pages - European union
In his 2017 White Paper, Jean-Claude Junker, president of the European Commission, proposes five possible scenarios concerning the European Union's future after Britain's definite departure in 2019. These scenarios range from "nothing but the single market" -- where the...
Airbus, A380 - Company profile
Case study - 41 pages - Economy general
Airbus is one of the world's leading suppliers of commercial aircraft. This 100-seater boasts a major portion of the market share of annual deliveries worldwide. Its market share has grown from 15% in 1990 to 52% in 2003. On December 31, 2003, its backlog of orders (1,454 aircraft) stood at...
World war I: Timeline
Time lines - 20 pages - Modern history
World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, the War of the Nations and the War to End All Wars, was a world conflict lasting from 1914 C.E. to 1919 C.E. Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey, called the Central Powers fought Britain, France and later U.S.A., called the Allies. No...
The willingness of Saudi Civil Defense to respond to flooding disaster at Jedah
Case study - 8 pages - Educational studies
The area of Jedah is prone to flooding due to its escarpment topography in the event of any exceptional storms. The heavy rain ever experienced in the area on 25th November 2009 led to the death of many people who were variously reported to be between 123 and 161. Other reports claimed that this...
Financial Management : EADS
Case study - 9 pages - Finance
The European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company or the EADS was created by the combined will of several states to be competitive in the space and aeronautics sector. Yet, at the beginning of the 1990s, many concentrations were developed on the American market like Northrop and...
The development and failure of the European system (1815-1945)
Course material - 7 pages - Modern history
There was a European system before the current European Union. Its roots went back to the 17th century and the Westphalian peace of 1648. It reached its maturity during the 19th century, after the Vienna Congress, and under the impression of 25 years of revolutionary and Napoleonic...
European Court of Human Rights, Hirst vs United Kingdom (No. 2) [2005] ECHR 74025/01 - The mechanism to promote judicial and national dialogue
Law case study - 3 pages - International law
This document critically examines the impact of the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in Hirst v United Kingdom (No. 2) [2005] ECHR 74025/01 as a mechanism to promote judicial and national dialogue. In Hirst v United Kingdom, the country faced the European Court of...
In the European Union, how can the current generation gap be bridged?
Essay - 4 pages - European union
The generation gap is not exclusive to our time. In fact, this phenomenon has been documented in literature since antiquity. In each generation, an arbitrary label is given to each side, but the deepest essence of the gap remains the same: economic, social, and political divergence of points of...
European colonization and its effects in the Spice islands and Banda islands
Essay - 3 pages - Modern history
Europeans began to colonize different areas of the world as soon as they became aware of their existence. Explorers sailing out of England, Spain, Portugal, and the Netherlands worked tirelessly to comb the vast regions of the world for suitable additions to their respective empires....
To what extent is there a need for the European Union in 2010?
Internship report - 5 pages - European union
With the implementation of the Lisbon Treaty in December 2009, the ‘European Union begins 2010 with a new look', according to VOA News. The European Union has strengthened its institutions, with a new ‘president of the European Union'; Herman Von Rompuy and a new...
European Union (EU) Law - Power sharing and EU institutions
Course material - 2 pages - European law
The document broaches the subject of European Union law. It delves into how power is shared between member states and institutions, and describes the institutional structure of the EU.
Ukraine joining the European Union: myth or reality?
Essay - 1 pages - International relations
Ukraine is an Eastern European country located between Poland and Russia. However, it is not a member of the European Union, which is a unique partnership between 27 European countries, known as Member States, or EU countries. This country has shown interest in joining the EU...
To what extent has European integration promoted security and stability in post-Cold War Europe?
Internship report - 5 pages - European union
According to E. Bomber and A. Stubb (2003) , the European integration is ‘a process by which sovereign states relinquish (surrender or pool) national sovereignty to maximize their collective power and interests.' We notice that European integration involves different...
European urban policies - A summary note on the urban agenda for the EU
Summary - 15 pages - Social, moral & civic education
Today more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas. This figure is projected to increase to 80% by 2050 (United Nations, 2019). Even though Cities are home to many complex, interlinked challenges (related to climate control, energy efficiency, pollution, and many more) they...
Is the European Union still relevant nowadays?
Essay - 2 pages - European union
In his declaration of May 1950, in the aftermath of World War II, Robert Schumann emphasized the goal of peace that the European Union (EU) has to play in European politics. Throughout its history, the EU evolved and gained more and more power over several aspects of our lives. The...
The European Convention: Human Rights
Case study - 3 pages - Educational studies
The European Convention on Human Rights, however, is a model of effective protection of human rights in that it has a binding force. This is possible due to judicial review of compliance with the rights enshrined in the first instance, the control of the European Commission of Human...
European Union Influence in International Political Economy
Case study - 6 pages - Educational studies
International political economy is a field that tries to understand global and international problems through an electric interdisciplinary array of theoretical perspectives and analytical tool. It encompasses analysis of political economy in the global trade, international finance, multinational...
Investment law - The reinforcement of the control of foreign investments by the European Union
Essay - 4 pages - European law
How do the European Union's reinforced measures for controlling foreign investments, including the EU FDI (Foreign direct investment) Screening Regulation, national investment screening mechanisms, and increased scrutiny on state-owned enterprises, impact the attractiveness of the EU...
European Union (EU) Law - Introduction and the different stages of integration
Course material - 8 pages - European law
European construction was imagined by politicians and people centuries ago but was achieved after WWII. In middle age, cities developed trade, and at that moment national markets were created. Traders were moving from a city to another, and these citizens made the rules of mercatoria. The...
The Institutional Structure: The European Balance of Powers
Course material - 7 pages - European law
The European community created particular institutions, which were quite different from the usual skims of the separation of powers. In the traditional system of separation of powers, more or less separation is between executive, legislative and judicial power.
Freedom of religion: an endangered freedom but protected by the European Convention on Human Rights
Case study - 4 pages - Educational studies
To quote Professor Catherine Teitgen-Colly, "political pluralism, respect for human rights and the rule of law have become true" statutory conditions ". In terms of the constituent rights of democratic society, the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Convention are not only individual rights...
NATO and the European Union: less influence on members than on applicants in the case of Romanian Intelligence agencies
Case study - 10 pages - International relations
In 2014, during the presidential campaign, Romania's departing conservative president, Traian Basescu, declared that his principal rival, prime-minister Victor Ponta, was an undercover agent working for the foreign intelligence service. In a country where the specter of the brutal Communist...
Why do European courts refuse to enforce U.S. punitive damages?
Essay - 6 pages - International law
In terms of civil liability in Continental Europe, the principle is to compensate only for the damage. Civil liability is not punitive. The purpose is only to put the victim back in the situation she knew before the operative event. If the behavior deserves a sanction, it is a matter of criminal...
The Limits of the European Model : the Failure of the Federal Dream
Course material - 3 pages - European union
The notion of "solidarité des faits" has always been the core of the EU, and the idea was that an integrated EU would grow step by step, and that it would unite people. However, there was a debate about the final goal of the EU: it should go above the way to what is a federation, but should never...
