Abstract
In England the government operated through the monarch and Parliament. First the executive, or royal power, was the instrument of law, order, security and prosperity. There was a compact binding of kings and subjects in return for protection, the subjects owed their kings obedience and support. The king was not the sole figure as he was helped by the Council, where in the councillors were appointed by the monarch himself and whose major task was to advise the king and carry out the King's orders. Apart from this official body the king also had a few personal advisers who made up his own private council which was called as the Privy Council. Contrary to many European countries at the time in England and especially under the Tudors the king was not an absolute monarch as his powers were limited as he was bound by the laws and customs of the land: he was constrained by the solemn Coronation Oath to rule according to the ?laws and customs of the realm'.
