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[...] It is put into relation, or it is nothing (p. 16). This perspective opens a new field of translation studies where it is not a matter of developing translation methods or making the historiography of translation through its theorists and thinkers, but of reaching 'the the metaphysical aim of translation ». At Berman, the 'foreigner' has a precise character: 'For translation is not a simple mediation: it is a process where our entire relationship with the Other is at stake' (p. [...]
[...] With regard to this notion of the Education, the translation cannot be 'the simple annexation or reduction from the other to the same"; it is on the contrary" « also a becoming-self of the foreigner as a becoming-foreigner of the same (pp. 76-77). Translation is thus part of the benefits to the Bildung. In chapter 4 titled 'Goethe: Translation and World Literature', Berman focuses on Goethe and the notion of Weltliteratur in other words, the « international literature. This notion reflects his vision of translation as a free circulation of ideas. [...]
[...] Introduction Antoine Berman, a linguist, translator, and French translation scholar, was born in 1942 and died in 1991. Considered one of the founders of translation studies and the 'theorist of translation', he was notably the director of a program at the International College of Philosophy and the director of the Jacques Amyot Centre for Terminology and Translation. Prematurely deceased, Antoine Berman published only one completed work during his lifetime, The Trial of the Foreigner (1984). His other writings, almost completed (essays, articles) will be the subject of a posthumous publication : La traduction and the letter or the inn of the distant (1999), For a Critique of Translations: John Donne (1995) and two writings from seminars that took place at the International College of Philosophy : The Age of Translation. [...]
[...] The theory of translation is thus confronted with that of poetic language. However, this approach circumvents 'the test of the foreign', that is, the few foreign elements existing in translated works are excluded in favor of the sole search for poetic reflexivity, as explained by Berman: « For the work calls for critical and hermeneutic enterprises, founds their necessity, but at the same time eludes them, dooms them to eternal incompleteness. (p. 203). In chapter 10 titled 'Schleiermacher and Humboldt: translation in the hermeneutico-linguistic space', translation is approached in relation to language, which includes different approaches to language: multilingualism, mother tongue, cultural language? [...]
[...] In chapter 2 titled 'Herder: fidelity and expansion', Berman returns to the difficulty of respecting both theexpansion and the loyalty, that is to say, expanding the target language while remaining faithful to the translated text. In support of his argument, he cites Johann Gottfried von Herder, author of the second half of the 18th century, who criticizes translations 'à la française' because they tend not to remain faithful to the original text. For Herder, the German language must be considered as a « young virgin (p. that is to say, keeping one's purity even if it is necessary to expand it through translation. [...]
