Extract
[...] This contrasts strongly with wealthy neighborhoods like Beverly Hills or Malibu, which crystallize opulence and wealth to the detriment of the rest of the city. However, new challenges exist to rebalance the housing supply. III. The new challenges of eco-districts It is clear that the issue of ecology has become paramount on the international scene with the first tangible signs of global climate warming. In fact, it has become important to adapt the real estate market to the new requirements imposed. This new situation can give a new dynamism to the entire sector but also to the construction sector. [...]
[...] Social determinism remains important and the perpetuation of social inequalities in the United States is great, as social problems such as racial discrimination remain high. From then on, the local and national real estate market adapts to this social situation to the extent that the 'social stigmas', to borrow the terminology of Erving Goffman5, such as skin color or lack of work prevents access to housing. This is what is called socio-spatial segregation, as is the case in the neighborhoods of Watts and Compton in Los Angeles. [...]
[...] In fact, this raises the question of the reverse of the American housing model. We will see this in detail, at the local level, that is to say in Los Angeles. II. Los Angeles or the city of the homeless As Mike Davis shows, "if the classic slum usually occupied a declining city center, today's shantytowns are most often relegated to the periphery of rapidly growing agglomerations"4 » (Davis, 2005). This is the case in Los Angeles, the world city par excellence, by its surface area and number of inhabitants. [...]
[...] However, it is essential to add an important fact that can condition the real estate sector, which is the "health" of the national economy. In fact, if there is an economic recession, it can generate difficulties in buying, both for modest houses and luxury houses." Although the trend remains a general movement that tends individuals to live in cities to the detriment of rural space, it is interesting to note that in the United States, the phenomenon known as periurbanization, which Eric Charmes calls "the fragmentation of cities","2 », has become major due to a less stressful and healthier environment than the city itself, but still close enough to work there. [...]
[...] From then on, in recent times, it is indeed the housing crisis at the beginning of the 2000s that inaugurates, for the third millennium, the period of crisis and notably that of the Subprimes in 2008. In fact, in light of our proposal, to what extent, at the national level, or locally with the example of Los Angeles, the real estate market was able to restart after the crisis but also generate social inequalities? We will therefore appreciate the national level in the first part, before focusing on the situation in Los Angeles, before seeing in a final moment what seems to be a promising solution in the near future to contain future real estate crises. [...]
