Bicameral vs Monocular Parliamentary Regimes Stability

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[...] The strength of a stable and coherent majority - The strength of the government (effectiveness of its decisions) depends on whether it is supported by a majority, its very legitimacy rests on the representation obtained in Parliament (cohabitation and compromise or submission and discipline) Example of Sweden: governance of majority for the Social Democratic Workers' Party > little alternation with bourgeois parties - Incidence of parliamentarians also relates to the separation of powers: dependence, independence or total autonomy of the legislative and executive (Maurice Duverger) - Collaboration/concordance between parliamentary majority and government = little chance that a reversal (inversement dissolution) will take place Reminder: the government is chosen according to the parliamentary majority, it is therefore essentially derived from the latter > the right of reversal is only a dissuasive control weapon If having a parliamentary majority is fundamental for the government, it is not always easy to obtain it. B. The crucial impact of a variable determinant system in obtaining a majority - How to obtain a majority? > Impact of party play, voting system - How do parties and therefore the majority behave? [...]

[...] If we consider understanding the phenomenon of instability in relation to the difference in regime between monocular and bicameral, the example of the Weimar Republic of Germany and its great governmental instability, demonstrates that this distinction is not a fundamental criterion, but rather one that is confused among others that sometimes have a greater impact. Thus, how should we understand the stability of a government? Should it be understood through the differences in regime or is there a multitude of variables whose effects play a specific role in the stability of each government? [...]

[...] The UK regime is approached under the label by Professor of Constitutional Law Marie-Anne Cohendet as a monocular parliamentary regime, i.e. a regime where only Parliament (composed of one or two chambers) is elected by universal direct suffrage and where the Head of State has no legitimacy stemming from election. This formation, she opposes it to the bicameral parliamentary regime where this time the head of state is elected like Parliament by universal direct suffrage as is the case for France. [...]

[...] Are bicameral parliamentary regimes more stable than monocular parliamentary regimes? Dissertation_Are bicameral parliamentary regimes more stable than monocular parliamentary regimes? Since Brexit, the United Kingdom has experienced five consecutive governments in the space of six years. This phenomenon has significantly challenged the stability of government in the country, namely the duration, more or less long, of a government during a legislature. If the term stable refers to the idea of balance and permanence of governments, instability is considered as the repeated overthrow of these governments in a relatively short period of time, an action that essentially belongs to the parliaments. [...]

[...] The Head of State, a negligible marker of government stability due to the fluctuation of his legitimacy, responsibility and powers The Head of State in all parliamentary regimes is limited in his function and therefore his powers, which sometimes confine him to a role of arbitrator, but most often restrict him to representation Thus, the Head of State's electoral legitimacy has little impact on government stability A. A minimal function of arbitrator, or even pure representation limiting his prerogatives - In all parliamentary regimes: the Head of State is limited in his prerogatives Example of Ireland (names and revokes ministers at the proposal of the the United Kingdom (the monarch possesses royal prerogatives, but these are exercised by the PM) If the Head of State is limited in the understanding of his function in all regimes, whether elected in some is a criterion that has little effect on the government and its stability B. [...]