Extract
[...] Austrasia would recover the Netherlands. The region is now Christianized. But the Saxon and Frisian populations of the North resisted. In 734, the Frisian kingdom disappeared, the Franks conquered the east of the Lauwers in 785. The Carolingian Empire is divided among the three grandsons of Charlemagne, in 843. The Netherlands are located within the Middle Frankish Kingdom. They will be later annexed by the Holy Roman Empire. The Viking Jutes will take over a large part of the Netherlands from 840 to 880. [...]
[...] In the west of the Netherlands, the Corded Ware culture complex arrives. This is a major and exceptional change, compared to other regions of Europe. Chambers of tombs in the form of megaliths are erected by populations related to the Corded Ware culture, around 3400-3200 BC, in Drenthe, Overijssel and Groningen. The flint extraction mines are exploited at this same period. Between 1870 and 1050 BC, bronze artifacts and ceramics are manufactured. It is the Hilversum culture that develops. It is not until 1500 BC that we learn of the cremation of the dead in the south and from 1000 BC, in the north. [...]
[...] The greatest Dutch artists will come to flourish in all corners of the Netherlands. The East India Companies begin to appear as early as the 16th century. The Dutch will go to Brazil, and take over the Northeast from 1630 to 1661, allowing them to cultivate sugar cane. In 1608, companies are created by the Dutch. Thus begins the spice trade and the slave trade. Battles will rage between the Portuguese, the Spanish, and the Dutch. The island of Manhattan will be bought by the navigator Pierre Minuit in 1626. [...]
[...] Little by little, the territory is occupied. In the 12th century, the conquest of new lands allows the region called West Frisia to become the region of Holland. Several cities will be founded in the County of Flanders and in the Duchy of Brabant. But the Holy Roman Empire will not be able to maintain its authority in the Netherlands either, like others before it. PART THE BURGUNDIAN NETHERLANDS UNTIL THE UNITED KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS The provinces will be gathered within the Duchy of Burgundy, by its reigning dukes from 1342 to 1477, through alliances, purchases, or conquests. [...]
[...] They ensure the security of the area and the navigation of the Rhine. The Bataves revolt in 69-70 AD, but it will be of short duration, the Romans will quell the revolt. Under Domitian, around 85 AD, the military zone is elevated to the status of a province, it will be called Germania inferior. PART THE COLLAPSE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, THE APPEARANCE OF THE KINGDOM OF THE FRANKS AND THE HOLY ROMAN GERMAN EMPIRE In 250, it was over, the Romans could no longer protect the Rhine border. [...]
