Company evolution, family capitalism, contemporary society, workplace organization, social relations, capitalist system, stock exchange, trade unions, welfare state
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The document discusses the evolution of the company as a social and economic entity, from its origins in family capitalism to its modern form, and its impact on society.
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[...] The liability is limited to the contribution: I contributed 20? so at worst I lose 20?. The money is transformed into a paper composed of several shares. We give a piece of paper (the share) to receive the money. New system is favorable to shareholders. 2. The stock exchange It exists in the 18th century on the principle but the great boom and great development is with the industry (19th and 20th century). There is the stock exchange in different places of each country. [...]
[...] Des relations conflictuelles 1. Trade Unions Trade Union : def People do not have the same demands, the same ideas according to the place one occupies in the hierarchy. There is a diversity of trade unions. They can only express themselves on the domain of work and not on politics. Number of people in trade unions in France in 1876: 30,000. In 1930: 1,010,000. In 1973, 4,133,000. The law that authorizes trade unions is the Waldeck-Rousseau law in 1884 ? The trade union is a means of discussion. [...]
[...] Companies must continuously hire new individuals. On speaks of Toyotism in 1962: it is the questioning of certain ideas of Taylor. We will ask the workers' opinion to improve work: circles of quality. On improves with the 3 0 : zero defects, zero delays, zero stock. II. The factory: a place of social relations A. Contractual relations 1. Patronage and paternalism « Rerum Novarum » in 1891 encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIII: first text on industry For the Pope, there should be neither Marxism nor liberalism, but a 3rd way: Religion. [...]
[...] we are part of an association where we pay contributions. It is not managed by the boss but by the solidarity workers who consider themselves as a family. These associations are not mandatory. Welfare State : « when there are 'incidents of life' that prevent working, the State helps and plays the role of Providence when one does not work or is sick or no longer works. We have moved from mutualism to social security in 1945. On the other hand, social security is mandatory ? [...]
[...] The idea of companies is to externalize production. It is better to externalize because it is cheaper to produce: we make others do it. 2. Boom: internal or external growth? We must expand, develop (capitalist system). In the 19th century, the company is a family: we develop ourselves (natural logic). We decide to create a new company with capital until the 1970s. But today, we always have to make the company earn money very quickly. This is much more about buying out a competitor than creating a new company. [...]
