National Parks, US, preservation, tourism, environment, conservation, NPS, Rocky Mountains, Yellowstone, Yosemite, Grand Canyon, economic valorization
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Abstract
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Abstract
The United States has a system of national parks that preserve nature while promoting tourism, contributing to the country's identity and economy.
Extract
[...] According to American writer Wallace Stegner, it would be about 'the best idea of America ». d. However, in order to be profitable and maintained, these parks also need visitors, which brings here a tourist logic, for the VALORISER economically, which has especially happened for national parks since the 20ème century. Problems of the presentation : How the federal state and federal states are shared between the will to preserve but also to exploit through tourism the national parks? To what extent is the reconciliation of the two logics effective? [...]
[...] Towards overtourism however today? - But these 'environmental assets' that are the NP are now, and increasingly, exposed to overtourism. In fact, the Hachette manual indicates on page 376 that more than 330 million visitors in 2018 parcours these parks every year, which cannot help but degrade these spaces in theory of preservation (WC overused, litter thrown on trails, congestion . ) - Since COVID and its confinements, the attendance is even increasing sharply (need to ventilate): sources are now talking about 400 million annual visitors - The multiplication and diversification of tourists who come there also lead to a wider range of activities: today, people come to the PN not only to walk but also to have fun (fast-foods, WIFI stations, quest for the best photo in sometimes risky areas where accidents occur . [...]
[...] National Parks in the US: spaces of ECONOMIC VALORIZATION of the environment a. But it would be inaccurate to imagine these national parks as totally cut off from humanity - Since their creation, (and not just today) the desire to promote tourism there was strong, encouraging for example railway companies to promote at the end of 19ème century and at the beginning of the 20ème century of the first parks like Yellowstone or the Grand Canyon. (Tourists who come then particularly from the East Coast and major cities). [...]
[...] * The goal is also, in the name of equality, to ensure the preservation of a heritage considered exceptional on behalf of all Americans in the face of the economic exploitation egoism for the benefit of only a few. * Concerning their creation: ? le 1er PN was born in 1872 at Yellowstone in Wyoming (see Nathan map) with its famous volcanic activities, such as geysers and hot springs 376 of your manual below). ? les 2ème and 3ème PN appear in California in 1890: Sequoia & Yosemite parks (see the map). ? [...]
[...] 1he oil drilling in 1859 in Pennsylvania, water exploitation for hydraulic dams . Thus, the country drew freely on its 'natural' resources to develop. - thethe country extends progressively towards the Pacific : it is the Conquest of the West and the progressive retreat of the Frontier (this territory of the 'out there in the West', a no-man's land that gradually submits to the laws of the country, a zone under construction that gradually urbanizes, a 'far from everything' zone that connects to the rest of the territory (courts, roads, telegraph . [...]
