The French policy in sub-Saharan Africa since 1960 - publié le 12/04/2007
Essay - 10 pages - Political science
The French military presence in Africa has been a major determinant of African political issues since 1960. The French army has stayed in Africa to accomplish several missions. Those missions were all aimed at maintaining stability. Some were intended to defend countries against foreign and...
Is there a French Affirmative Action Policy?
Essay - 10 pages - Political science
Affirmative action was born in the United States. It was originally designed to favour Black people, whose ancestors where slaves. Then, such programs extended to other underprivileged categories of the population: the disabled, the women, the Latinos. The first to use the phrase...
The French policy in sub-Saharan Africa since 1960
Essay - 10 pages - Political science
The French policy in Africa is frequently deemed neo-colonialist. France would enduringly attempt to keep its former colonies within its sphere of influence for economic and political reasons. Cases in point are the lyrics of the song “Françafrique” by the Ivorian descent artist Tiken...
Reflection on a discourse by Tony Blair to the American Congress
Essay - 4 pages - Political science
Tony Blair addressed a discourse to the congress of the United States of America (USA) on July, 17th, 2003. It is a political text strongly related to the political context at that point of time, which I will discuss later on. The discourse can be explained by looking at each of the sentences and...
Amaranth's bankruptcy
Essay - 2 pages - Economy general
Amaranth was founded by Nicholas Maounis, former Paloma Partners manager, in 2006. Initially, Amaranth was supposed to adopt a multistrategic approach to diversify its investment risks in multiple markets. Brian Hunter was waiting for a geopolitical contest, due to the situation in the Middle...
Liberalism: What are the main concepts of liberalism?
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
Liberalism is a philosophy, or political movement that has, for an aim, the development of individual freedom. Since the concept of freedom evolved over time, liberalism evolved as well. However, some core assumptions never changed. First, let us consider how all the core concepts of liberalism...
To what extent can we say Great Britain and the USA have a special relationship? What have the advantages and the disadvantages of the relationship been?
Essay - 4 pages - International relations
Many signs in history show that the UK and the USA detain a privileged relation. As one of the first British colony to be liberated, the USA has always been related to Great Britain. These two countries share the same language, the same political tradition, the same religion. From the point of...
A Nordic identity in the European security structure?
Essay - 10 pages - European union
The 3rd and 4th December 1998, the President of French Republic Jacques Chirac and the British Prime Minister Tony Blair met in Saint Malo. Both maintained the necessity to give Europe the ability of autonomous action concerning security and defence. This statement comes within the framework of...
Le concept universel des droits de l'Homme a pris racine dans les pensées de la politique occidentale, peut-on donc dire qu'il peut s'appliquer pour tous les êtres humains ?
Essay - 6 pages - Political science
Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Reporters sans frontières… voici quelques-unes des organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) présentes dans le monde, qui oeuvrent pour la protection des droits de l'Homme. Il s'agit d'organisations internationales, mais cela veut-il dire que les...
The "Memorial Laws"
Essay - 12 pages - Political science
In the first part of this paper, I give an account of a recent controversy that arose in France and in which historians played a significant role. This controversy involves a number of actors: the French government, which passed the so-called “memorial laws”; the interest groups that...
Comparison between the economic cycles and the growth rates in the USA and France
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
The business cycle is a constant in all the world economies since the Industrial Revolution occurred. By “business cycle”, we mean the fluctuations of the growth rate of the economy, which always works on the “Peak - Recession - Trough - Recovery” scheme. The main cycle is the...
The Committee of the Regions
Essay - 3 pages - Political science
The construction of the European Union is, and has always been done by states. Since the Maastricht treaty however, sub national authorities have an official advisory body from which they can influence the making of the European policy: the Committee of the regions. This committee is made of 317...
Globalisation
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
« Globalisation » is a word that comes up much more often than others in debate topics. For some, nothing better than globalization (and the liberalizing process that comes with it) could happen to us. On the other side, globalisation's detractors hold it responsible for a great number of the...
To what extent is Belgium a sui generis federation?
Essay - 7 pages - Political science
Only 25 countries out of the 193 world-wide existing operate with a federal political system . If we look at the ones situated in Europe, there are very few: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain , and Switzerland. I am here interested in the newest one: Belgium. The reforms starting the...
How can the change in demand following an increase in the price of goods can be broken into a substitution effect and an income effect?
Essay - 9 pages - Economy general
We expect people to change their consuming behaviour when the price of a good change, but on what is this change going to be based on? Preferences are determined by the tastes of a person, so they do not depend on the person's real income. If the price of a good changes, the person will make a...
How were the 2006 labour protests seen in France and abroad? - publié le 05/04/2007
Essay - 5 pages - Political science
On 9 December 1905, a law was passed in France separating the church and the state. However, today in the United States of America, the President takes an oath on the Bible to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution against all enemies both foreign and domestic. To the French, it may sound...
Development in Senegal: A difficult development despite numerous assets
Essay - 9 pages - Economy general
Presently, Senegal is one of the most important economies in Western Africa and, after the political issues in Côte d'Ivoire and Nigeria, one of the few countries which can reach the goals of the UN Millennium project in 2015. Nevertheless, we have here the example of a long-term low economic...
What was 'Tito's way', and how successful was it?
Worksheets - 3 pages - Political science
Looking back at the time after the end of communism (Cuba and today's China being particular and Chavez not a communist), we basically find only three different ways of communism; the original one, the Lenino-Stalinism in the USSR, the latter one, China's Maoism, and finally the...
International Organisation: The UN system
Essay - 6 pages - International relations
Is global governance a chimera in a world of states, or is there as Keohane suggests, limited global governance in a partially globalized world, or is global governance an effective form of western hegemony? Is global governance a chimera in a world of states, or is there as Keohane suggests,...
How were the 2006 labour protests seen in France and abroad?
Essay - 5 pages - Political science
On 9 December 1905, a law was passed in France separating the church and the state. However, today in the United States of America, the President takes an oath on the Bible to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution against all enemies both foreign and domestic. To the French, it may sound...
Gender, sexuality and politics: masculinity - publié le 02/04/2007
Essay - 6 pages - Political science
We need to acknowledge the power that men have in society. All men feel powerful in their individual lives, but they also have to recognize their inherited sense of superiority in relation with women.
Was the Macmillan government's decision to apply for membership of the European Communities the product of Britain's declining global status?
Essay - 6 pages - Political science
The fear that Britain would become, as Labour's post-war Foreign Secretary, Ernest Bevin put it "just another European country" , was one of the main reasons to explain the British refusal to join a European supranational organisation. The Attlee government was indeed in favour of cooperation...
The employers' organisations in Britain: The case of the CBI
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
I decided to speak about employers' organisations in Britain because of a personal and very simple interrogation: I was actually wondering what the equivalent of the French MEDEF in Britain was. At first sight, I discovered quickly that this equivalent is the CBI, The Confederation of British...
Financial analysis and valuation of Neuf Cegetel
Presentation - 21 pages - Economy general
Neuf Cegetel recent proactivity in external growth is not fully valued at current share price, which should also better reflect organic opportunities, leading to a 14% upside. Synergies are not fully valued Recent operations (merger with Cegetel, IPO, acquisition of AOL internet subscribers base)...
Gender, sexuality and politics: masculinity
Essay - 6 pages - Political science
“Somehow we need to be able to acknowledge the power that men have in society without thereby feeding a myth that all men feel powerful in their individual lives…we also have to recognize our inherited sense of superiority in relation to women…” (Seidler, 1997, p.51-53).
Was the Macmillan government's decision to apply for membership of the European Communities the product of Britain's declining global status? - publié le 02/04/2007
Essay - 6 pages - Political science
The fear that Britain would become, as Labour's post-war Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin put it “just another European country” , was one of the main reasons to explain the British refusal to join a European supranational organisation. The Attlee government was indeed in favour of...
Vatican Diplomacy
Tutorials/exercises - 3 pages - International relations
The Pope, as a spiritual and temporal leader, wields a double sovereignty: over the City of the Vatican as Head of State, and over the Holy See (or Apostolic See) as Head of the Roman Catholic Church. This fundamental distinction, “perennialized” by the 1929 Latran accords, is at the...
How 9/11 was used as a pretext to the mass wave of layoffs following the attacks
Essay - 22 pages - Economy general
In the immediate aftermath of 9/11, the American population had its eyes fixed on Wall Street with fears that after such an attack, the world's economic superpower might not recover. Stock exchange shares were expected to undergo a sharp drop, the airline industry was ailing, as well as the...
The evolution of the closer relationship between the United States and India
Essay - 13 pages - International relations
Since its independence and the end of the cold war, India has evolved considerably. Nowadays, India's power is rising like its influence on the international scene and the emergence of India as a major Asian power is a matter of fact. Indeed, thanks to diverse advantageous characteristics, India...
The role of the European Union in the democratisation of Central and Eastern Europe
Essay - 8 pages - European union
In the concept of « consolidation of democracy », two aspects can lead to misunderstanding. Firstly, one can interrogate on the direction towards which such a consolidation is supposed to tend, as the word « consolidation » implies that democracy already exists, as something is bound to exist if...
