Towards a "Europe-puissance" or towards a free trade zone?
Course material - 8 pages - International relations
The development of the European Union, along the line of constant progress towards more integration, which more or less prevailed since 1950, appeared to stop suddenly in May 2005 with the French "No" to the so-called Constitutional Treaty. That problem has been solved, at least for now, with the...
How did Anthony Lake's ideas shape US strategy in the context of the immediate post-cold war period?
Presentation - 5 pages - Political science
This document is about Anthony's Lake contribution in US strategy post-cold war.
The Interplay of National and European Considerations in the Foreign Policy of EU Members - The Countries Other than France and Germany
Course material - 8 pages - Political science
France and Germany alone can no longer call the tune in the EU. They henceforth have to take much more into account the agenda of the other members. We shall see first that agenda, regrouping, of course, the different countries into larger groups along their affinities, and then the possible...
The United States and the World: Bush's Second Term and Current Trends in the US Foreign Policy Establishment
Course material - 9 pages - Political life and election
After Bush's re-election in November 2004, there were some doubts about the kind of policy he would now follow, after the occupation of Iraq had revealed itself as a much more difficult undertaking than what the Administration had contemplated. Many felt at the time the President would vastly...
Geopolitical implications of the Afghan conflict
Case study - 24 pages - International relations
Afghanistan was created in the late nineteenth century. At that time this area was the scene of a struggle between the Russian Empire and the British Empire. This is called the "Great Game". Today's Afghanistan was created to act as a buffer state bringing together multiple ethnicities...
US Foreign Policy: Multilateralism vs. Unilateralism
Essay - 3 pages - Political science
In the course of international relations, the United States, as usual, faces a challenge that consists of two choices in strategy dictating methods of dealing with international problems. A feature of multilateralism, not a unilateral one, is international cooperation and participation between...
Towards a European Confederation? From de Gaulle's Return to Power to the Milan European Summit (1958-1985)
Course material - 6 pages - Modern history
After the failure of the federal concept and the more prudent approach of the Rome Treaties, for about 30 years, the European Economic Community (EEC) seemed to develop more along the concept of a European Confederation, not a Federation, as envisioned by the Founding Fathers, Robert Schuman or...
The United States and the World - Transnational problems today as seen from Washington
Course material - 12 pages - Political science
In the document issued in September 2002, "The National Security Strategy of the USA", two essential goals of US national policy were stressed: the defeat of "Global terrorism" and "to prevent our enemies from threatening us, our allies, and our friends with weapons of mass destruction". Those...
The Arctic Route
Case study - 3 pages - International relations
The document analyzes the topic of the Arctic Route. It focuses on the different actors involved as well as on related stakes. The Arctic Route, or the Northern Sea Route, is a maritime path connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans along the Russian Arctic coasts, presenting a shorter...
The United States and the World: Globalization in Historical Perspective
Course material - 8 pages - Modern history
The concept of globalization is not new: in his Communist Manifesto, in 1848, Karl Marx underlined that the bourgeoisie needed constantly expanding markets. Some distinctions are important. Globalization happens, or at least is discussed, in the context of several different fields, in which it...
The United States and the World: The Sources and Tools of American Foreign Policy
Course material - 8 pages - Modern history
There is undoubtedly an American exceptionalism: the US considers itself since the 18th century to be different from Europe. It has seen itself from the beginning as a universal model: the “American way of life” (linking most strongly liberal democracy and free enterprise, two notions...
Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Two Years of War
Presentation - 3 pages - Political science
A detailed account of the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, covering key events, diplomatic efforts, and global responses from February 2022 to 2024.
Operation "Althea" in Bosnia and Herzegovine: the European security and Defence policy (ESDP) coming of age? - published: 29/09/2010
Essay - 14 pages - International relations
The European Union (EU) is a newcomer in the business of peace support operations. Of course, its members have long been involved in almost any sort of non-Article 5 (NATO/WEU) mission in the past, and they still are today. But they have usually done so under other flags than the EU one....
The New Global Disorder ?
Essay - 3 pages - Medieval history
The New Global Disorder ? With the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the USSR, the advent of a « new global order » (G.H. Bush in 1990) was scheduled. But for a few years, the planet seems to be in a messy disorder : the political crisis (most of all in Middle-East), the dissemination of...
The classical realist and structural realist theories applied to the Kosovo crisis in 1998-1999
Essay - 6 pages - International relations
Kosovo is mostly known as a region in the former Yugoslavia where, in 1998 and 1999, there was growing violence between the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which sought independence from Serbia, and the Serbian army and police, which were randomly attacking the province of the indigenous Albanian...
The liberal and neo-liberal theories applied to the Kosovo crisis in 1998-1999
Essay - 4 pages - International relations
Kosovo is mostly known as a region in the former Yugoslavia where, in 1998 and 1999, there was growing violence between the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which sought independence from Serbia, and the Serbian army and police, which were randomly attacking the province of the indigenous Albanian...
The European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) - European Union as a hard power?
Essay - 4 pages - European union
With the treaty of Maastricht's coming into force in 1993, the European Community became the European Union and the Common Foreign and Security Policy became one of the three pillars of this new Union. This step of the European construction was very important because it signified the will of...
The classical realist and structural realist theories applied to the Kosovo crisis in 1998-1999 - published: 15/01/2009
Essay - 6 pages - Modern history
Kosovo is mostly known as a region in the former Yugoslavia where, in 1998 and 1999, there was growing violence between the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which sought independence from Serbia, and the Serbian army and police, which were randomly attacking the province of the indigenous Albanian...
Saint-Malo and the birth of common european security and defense policy
Essay - 9 pages - Political science
The European defense department has a long history, and has been through many ups and downs. The Western European Union's (WEU) the first attempt at a common European alliance was superseded by NATO. The EDC (European defense Community) was another attempt at a unified European Defense...
The liberal and neo-liberal theories applied to the Kosovo crisis in 1998-1999 - published: 15/01/2009
Essay - 4 pages - International relations
Kosovo is mostly known as a region in the former Yugoslavia where, in 1998 and 1999, there was growing violence between the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which sought independence from Serbia, and the Serbian army and police, which were randomly attacking the province of the indigenous Albanian...
Russia's security policy
Thesis - 6 pages - Political science
Russia's security policy is undeniably complex, a system of political, economic, and social networks that influence the identification of potential threats, and anticipates the steps necessary to strengthen the state's infrastructure. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia has had the...
Outline de Gaulle's vision of France's international role and discuss the ways in which his foreign policy sought to realise this vision - publié le 15/01/2009
Essay - 13 pages - International relations
The immediate cause of Charles de Gaulle's resumption of power (1958-1969) was the Algerian War, which had brought France to the brink of civil war and destroyed the Fourth Republic. By ending the war, de Gaulle had the chance to resurrect his proposal, first elaborated at Bayeux in 1946, of a...
The non-influence of European public opinion on Europe's engagement in Afghanistan
Thesis - 4 pages - Political science
"The war in Afghanistan has been unpopular in continental Europe for a long time" noticed The Observer in July 2009 when in April 2009 the Guardian reported: “Barack Obama today won agreement for substantial NATO troop reinforcements in Afghanistan, when nine European nations,...
Blair's Chicago speech (1999)
Case study - 2 pages - Literature
The document we are going to analyze is a speech delivered by Tony Blair on April 24th 1999 at the Economic Club of Chicago. Tony Blair had been elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for two years and had already undertaken several reforms, following the principles of the Third Way, which...
Outline de Gaulle's vision of France's international role and discuss the ways in which his foreign policy sought to realise this vision
Essay - 13 pages - International relations
The immediate cause of Charles de Gaulle's resumption of power (1958-1969) was the Algerian War, which had brought France to the brink of civil war and destroyed the Fourth Republic. By ending the war, de Gaulle had the chance to resurrect his proposal, first elaborated at Bayeux in 1946, of a...
Kosovo in the International Arena
Essay - 6 pages - International relations
Kosovo is located in the southern province of the Republic of Serbia in Western Balkans (see Appendix One). The administrative capital is Pristina and the province is separated into thirty municipalities. Kosovo's last official census in 1991 registered its approximately two million population to...
Stephen Martin Walt ? The ties that fray. Why Europe and America are drifting apart
Book review - 1 pages - International relations
This text has been written by Stephen Martin Walt, a professor of international affairs at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of government. According to him the security community between the United States and Europe comes to an end, in spite of the misleading good health of the...
Current Polish foreign policy towards Poland's eastern neighbour states: Russia, Belarus, Ukraine (October 2004 - February 2005) - publié le 16/01/2009
Essay - 10 pages - International relations
Poland has always lied at the crossroads of Europe, as suggested by the title of one of Norman Davies' famous history books Heart of Europe. Intermediate between the West and the East; buffer state; ally or enemy of the main European powers, Poland was once a very powerful country whose territory...
Canadian policy at the crossroads: Protecting Canada's independence in the age of globalization
Case study - 8 pages - International relations
The foreign relations of Canada are by nature, very much centered upon its southern neighbor, the United States. This is true for both trade and foreign policy considerations. In addition, Canadian governments have also had active relations with many other nations. These relationships have...
Current Polish foreign policy towards Poland's eastern neighbour states: Russia, Belarus, Ukraine (October 2004 - February 2005)
Essay - 13 pages - International relations
Poland has always lied at the crossroads of Europe, as suggested by the title of one of Norman Davies' famous history books Heart of Europe. Intermediate between the West and the East; buffer state; ally or enemy of the main European powers, Poland was once a very powerful country whose territory...
