Urban planning, city activities, industrial relocation, commercial activity, zoning, periurban areas, Le Corbusier, Athens Charter, Aalborg Charter, urban morphology
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Abstract
This document discusses the evolution of urban activities and their displacement from city centers to peripheries, influenced by urban planning principles and economic changes.
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[...] City Activities Landscapes of Urban Activities A. Industrial-Urban Landscapes Since the 19thème Since the 19th century, the morphology of the city evolves with the formation of agglomerations of dwellings created by industry according to its labor needs1. Named among others 'factory city', these cities are diverse in their physiognomies but are located near resources to be exploited such as coal mines or quarries or sources of energy such as water2. In the course of the 20th20th In the 20th century, the evolution of European cities is marked by the extension of the city in oil tasks, which leads industries to install themselves in the periphery of urban centers, near which we find the workers' cities. [...]
[...] The massive implantation of hyper and supermarkets led to the closure of small businesses in the city. This phenomenon is even more pronounced in rural cities. II- The evolution of the place of activities in the city A. The displacement of activities from the center to the periphery In the 1970s, following the principles of the Athens Charter proposed by architect and urban planner Le Corbusier in 1943 (urban planning and separation of space functions) [...]
[...] They are then used as tools for revitalizing city centers. This doctrine of urban planning is inspired by the renewal of the Aalborg Charter dating back to 1994 and which goes against the Athens Charter. It proposes among its principles to oppose zoning and to think of the city with functional diversity. The goal is to fight against the processes of socio-spatial segregation.7. In France, one of the latest public policies implemented by the French State is the 'Action C?ur de ville' program launched in 2018. [...]
