The Evolution of the Family: From Patriarchal to Modern
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Family evolution, patriarchal unit, modern family, affective unit, French Revolution, women's movement, children's rights, recomposed families, sentiment, individualization
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Abstract
This document explores the transformation of the family from a patriarchal unit to a modern, affective unit, influenced by the French Revolution, women's movement, and children's rights. It delves into the concept of recomposed families, the role of sentiment, and the impact of individualization on family dynamics.
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[...] It was during the 'marriage for all', the open marriage regardless of the sexual orientation of the spouses, that the mobilization to avoid this new expansion was important. Listening to the slogans during the demonstrations, or the comments of the people who were marching, one discovered that it was not just the homosexual family that was refused, but also any family 'naturally' composed of a father and a mother, which did not reinforce the legitimacy of 'single-parent families' or other types of families. [...]
[...] As such, he has an authority determined by law and morality; he enjoys relative freedom in the educational choices he makes, as well as in the use he makes of his authority. For both reasons, parenting does not seem sexist: the law has removed paternal power and replaced it with parental authority. Father and mother are interchangeable under the law in terms of authority. However, this is not the case in practice. Fathers and mothers do not fulfill their educational functions in the same way. [...]
[...] They are still under the injunction of maternity. Sandrine Garcia5 Garcia is the origin of the concept of 'maternal puérocentrism'. 'This has repercussions she says, on a surplus of work, daily tensions and feelings of guilt described by Sylviane Giampino. The concepts of 'parenting job' or 'parental work' have appeared."6 » (Marie Vogel and Anne Verjus, 2009) In same-sex families, it is not uncommon for this asymmetric distribution of parental roles to be reproduced, even if it is a man who plays the role of 'the mother' or a woman who plays the role of 'the father'. [...]
[...] The defense of values would therefore be likely to be placed on a timeline. This is a version of the ideology of progress. » (François de Singly. 2018) Conclusion In most societies, the act of conceiving a child is not enough to form a parent: one must add the act of recognizing this parental relationship. Through their choices and those of the people with whom they unite, a person adopts several roles in the world of parenthood. This recognition as a parent is a social act, a gesture by which society designates a person as responsible for the safety, happiness, and future of the child. [...]
[...] The Civil Code of 1804 had as its main purpose to guarantee the paternal filiation to the child. However, since 1970, the rights of the child are now guaranteed, whether or not he was born from the marriage of his parents. The marriage no longer has an impact on his rights. Today, the rights that only marriage confers on individuals are related to spouses, including the protection of survivors. It is for this reason and in a very particular historical context that same-sex couples have claimed the expansion of their rights. [...]
