NLCS, carbon neutrality, net zero, France, climate change, Paris Agreement, greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy, energy efficiency, social equity, ecological transition, sustainable objectives, incentive policies
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Abstract
The National Low-Carbon Strategy (NLCS) aims to guide France towards carbon neutrality by 2050. This document examines the NLCS's ambition, effectiveness, and challenges in achieving a just and inclusive ecological transition.
Extract
[...] For this strategy to have a real impact, a revision is essential. This should include increased investments in green infrastructure, support measures for low-income households, and perhaps the adoption of more stringent policies to encourage economic actors to achieve decarbonation targets. The following diagram illustrates the ambitious trajectory induced by the NLCS: Trajectory foreseen by the NLCS: towards net zero by 2050 In a broader perspective, it would be wise to explore how stricter climate policies could be implemented without exacerbating social inequalities, in order to ensure a just and inclusive ecological transition for all. [...]
[...] The NLCS: an ambitious strategy, driving many progress in the field of decarbonization. We follow the following plan: the NLCS allows France to have sustainable objectives and to implement incentive policies aimed at encouraging a sustainable ecological transition. A. Structuring objectives from the NLCS The exact objectives of the initiative relate to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2 in key sectors of the economy such as industry, transport, agriculture and construction. For each sector, the NLCS sets emission reduction targets and proposes appropriate means to encourage societal decarbonization. [...]
[...] The effectiveness of the National Low-Carbon Strategy (NLCS) in achieving France's climate objectives: a realistic or illusory ambition? Hypothesis defended in this dissertation: The National Low-Carbon Strategy (NLCS), whose ambition is to confirm and strengthen France's position on a path leading to carbon neutrality (also known as net zero) by 2050, is it really ambitious, holistic and binding for economic and political actors, in order to provide an answer to the urgency induced by global climate challenges. Another imperative is to take into account the social and economic external effects on populations? [...]
[...] The existing social tension also manifests a lack of consideration for the social aspect of the said transition. The NLCS must therefore effectively take into account this dimension and anticipate what will be the reality by proposing real solidarity mechanisms towards these people. B. Acceptability of measures The NLCS relies heavily on incentives rather than strict sanctions, which raises the previous point. This strategic choice poses an efficiency problem, as economic actors may not follow the objectives if they seem too restrictive. [...]
[...] This is the case with the promotion of solar or wind energy projects, and the solicitation of industrial sectors to adopt cleaner and less degrading technologies for the environment. On the one hand, forest rehabilitation programs are undertaken to relaunch carbon sinks and thus help to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change. Certain persistent obstacles despite these ambitions. From this point emerge criticisms that the NLCS lacks binding measures to ensure the achievement of its objectives. Now, let us address our second part. II. [...]
