Abstract
According to Manuel Castells, the pre-globalization state used to shape society, and identities, but this is no longer true because the state has lost power over space and time. The equilibrium has been upset by the sudden growth of the flows of goods, capital, information, services and technologies. Globalization undermines the autonomy and power of decision of the nation-state. It is difficult to control the globalization of crime, the interdependence of the economies, and the explosion of the means of communication. All of these changes are occurring while other types of constraints also appear for the state. They have to accept multilateralism in defense, foreign policy and global public policies as well. Moreover, for Castells, the current model of the nation-state is not adapted to a world organized between global networks and singular identities. Over and above the level of the state are new sources of powers and counter-powers that are independent from it and make it powerless to act alone. The states' are dependent on a broader system of enacting authority and influence from multiple sources.
