Abstract
The European Union is the most accomplished multinational organization in the world. Since it's beginning in 1950, with the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Union has been integrating more and more, becoming a unique. The European Union was at first, based on economic performances. Thus, after the Rome Treaty in 1957, the Single European Act in 1986 and the Maastricht Treaty in 1992, principles of free trade, free movements of goods, capitals and people are now well applied in the Union territory. All these principles allowed the Member States to enjoy greater economic performances since they joined the Union. In spite of its good economic performances, the European Union still lags behind the USA or China in terms of growth and GDP per inhabitant. This record has conducted the European Union to launch an active policy in the social domain. Among the major issues that the countries of the European Community have to deal with, unemployment and the labor market certainly are fundamental priorities. Indeed, the problem of unemployment in the European Union is twofold: it is really high (around 8%) and it seems to be persistent. It is also true that if, the European unemployment rate is high, it hides a big heterogeneity regarding the fact that some countries have lower unemployment rates than others.
