Animal Communication Systems

Extract

[...] When a population is geographically isolated, these individuals reproduce and undergo natural genetic drift (the alleles of different genes are thus different from the 'mother' population). The isolated population evolves differently from the original population, with mutations that can thus appear in these individuals who will then be increasingly different from those from whom they originated. Natural selection will thus lead to the separation of populations by geographical isolation. The isolated population and the population from which they originated will evolve differently on each side, ultimately forming a new species. [...]

[...] - The nature of their sound signal is a very high frequency (high-pitched) cry compared to other bat species. - This communication is part of the biological function of reproduction. In fact, this communication allows the choice of sexual partners, thus favoring males with the highest-pitched cries (reproductive selection). It is thus known that the frequency of bat cries is an inherited character. The cockroaches: - In the context of the gregarious behavior of cockroaches, the emitter is the cockroach, via the production of chemical messages called aggregation, which thus encourage individuals to group together. [...]

[...] The receivers are then the other individuals. - The nature of their chemical signal is the production of pheromones via the rectum, which then end up in the feces of individuals. - This communication is notably part of the function of grouping individuals, encouraging in this way the grouping of individuals of the same species, but also part of the reproductive function since during the reproductive period, females emit pheromones in this way to attract males. The crotale: - In the context of prey detection in the crotale, the emitter is the prey, via heat production. [...]