How do the World Trade Organisation agreements impact upon the laws and legal systems of the WTO member states?
Case study - 21 pages - International relations
Article XVI § 4 of the Marrakech Agreement has put an end to the “grandfather clause” which, under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), allowed the Member States to invoke a previously existing domestic law to escape their GATT obligations. It provides that: “Each...
Restorative justice and the juvenile justice system
Case study - 3 pages - Educational studies
This paper defines restorative justice as a process, facilitated by an objective party that involves victim and offender in dialogue to resolve issues resulting from a crime or wrongdoing. It explains the origins of restorative practices going back as far as 2060 B.C. and the beginning of the...
Judicial activism in Canada - publié le 15/01/2009
Essay - 5 pages - Political science
In 1982, Canada has known a very significant shift with the adoption of the Charter of Right of Freedom. Before this date, Canada only had a Bill of Rights (1960's) which was a statute and did not allow the courts to restrict the action of the Parliament. But the 1982 Charter of Rights and...
Judge's Role in Qualifying Facts and Legal Foundations
Law case - 3 pages - Civil law
The Court of Cassation's plenary assembly clarifies the judge's obligation to give exact qualification to facts and acts invoked by parties, while not being obliged to change the denomination or legal foundation of their requests.
EU Court Ruling on Individual Standing
Law case - 4 pages - European law
The Court of Justice of the European Union reaffirms the 'Plaumann' doctrine, limiting individual standing for annulment actions under Article 230 §4 EC Treaty.
Contesting Decrees Under European Law
Case study - 3 pages - Administrative law
This document outlines the possibilities for contesting a decree under European law, including actions before French courts and the role of the CJEU in preliminary rulings.
Crime Fiction's Impact on Justice Perception
Dissertation - 3 pages - Criminal law
This research project examines how crime fiction influences public perception of crime and justice, and its implications on the understanding of criminal law and criminology.
Combating Cyberbullying in Schools: Strategies for Educators and Families
Presentation - 2 pages - Educational studies
Combat cyberbullying in schools effectively with a comprehensive approach that involves families, educators, and external partners. Discover how to create a culture of kindness and respect, and learn strategies for prevention, detection, and treatment. Explore the crucial role of parents,...
Power of Speech in 12 Angry Men
Presentation - 2 pages - Film studies
Analysis of how Sidney Lumet stages the power of speech in a tense closed setting in his 1957 film 12 Angry Men.
Analytic paper on the current state of economic development and its system of governance in Somalia
Thesis - 5 pages - Economy general
Somalia's recent history has been mired in protracted civil wars resulting in a corrupt and fragmented distribution of governance and power, with a lack of basic governance at central level. As a result, the insecurity and political fragmentation is extremely high and “the nationwide level...
Victor Hugo's Claude Gueux: A Critique of Social Injustice
Presentation - 2 pages - Literature
Discover Victor Hugo's 1834 novel Claude Gueux, a powerful critique of social injustice and capital punishment in 19th century France.
Power equations in the political system of the United States
Thesis - 5 pages - Political science
Article 28 of the Universal Declaration of the Human Rights (1793) states that- "a group of people always have the right to revise, reform and change the constitution; a generation cannot subject future generations to its laws." This provision implies that the constituent power is always free....
The great common law and civilian law divide is a myth
Essay - 5 pages - Civil law
Common law and civil law are generally considered the two major legal traditions that developed in Western societies. Common law is based on judge-made law through precedents set in past court decisions. Civil law originated in Roman law and is codified in comprehensive legal codes....
Trial of Marquise de Brinvilliers: Codified Justice Under Louis XIV
Text commentary - 5 pages - Law's history and philosophy
The trial of Marquise de Brinvilliers illustrates the application of the 1670 criminal ordinance and highlights the tension between codification and exception in the judicial system under Louis XIV.
Impact of Domestic Violence on Children: Legal and Psychological Consequences
Dissertation - 31 pages - Criminal law
"Discover the profound impact of domestic violence on children and the crucial role of their testimony in conjugal violence procedures. Learn how the judicial system protects their well-being while ensuring justice is served, and explore strategies for preventing the devastating...
Criminal law and criminal procedure in the US
Dissertation - 4 pages - Criminal law
The criminal law and criminal procedure in the US is the subject that deals with how a person accused of crimes is tried. The American criminal legal system is very different from the French system and even from other common law systems. Indeed, in comparative law we...
Punitive Juvenile Justice Policies
Litterature review - 7 pages - Other law subjects
This research paper analyzes the punitive approach, which is prevalent in the juvenile justice systems around the world, pointing out its impact on the offenders and on society at large. The works of Case and Bateman (2020) and Edwards (2017) stress the point that the implementation of the...
Legal English - published: 26/09/2023
Course material - 13 pages - Other law subjects
This document contains a Legal English course. Many legal aspects are seen using the right English vocabulary. The English legal system is taken into consideration.
With global investors searching for higher returns in international markets, what is the role for investor protection in developing international financial markets and real economies?
Essay - 2 pages - Finance
Why is investor protection necessary? Who needs protection? What methods are used to protect investors from expropriation of profits? How does the legal system affect the level of investor protection? How does investor protection affect the value of companies on financial markets?
Principle of Loyalty of Evidence in French Criminal Procedure: Balancing Truth and Fundamental Rights
Essay - 2 pages - Penal procedure
The principle of loyalty of evidence plays a crucial role in French criminal procedure, striking a delicate balance between the pursuit of truth and the protection of fundamental rights. This concept ensures that evidence is collected and presented in a manner that respects individual rights,...
R v Lee Abbott 2019 and R v Claire Colebourne 2019
Law case - 4 pages - Criminal law
The cases of R v Lee Abbott 2019 and R v Claire Colebourne 2019 delve into the devastating realm of familial homicides, each bearing its distinctive tragic narrative. These heart-wrenching incidents unfolded within the intimate confines of family relationships, leading to the untimely demise of...
Emergence of Royal Justice in Medieval France
Course material - 13 pages - Law's history and philosophy
This document discusses the evolution of the royal justice system in medieval France, focusing on the role of the parliament and the king's court.
Evolution of Administrative Justice: From Held-in-Abeyance to Delegated Justice in France
Essay - 4 pages - Administrative law
Unlock the evolution of French administrative justice and discover how the transition from held-in-abeyance justice to delegated justice established its autonomy and legitimacy. Explore the pivotal Cadot judgment of 1889, which marked a significant shift towards a sovereign administrative judge...
Employee protection and economic liberalism in the US: does the search for a balance still make sense?
Essay - 6 pages - Labor law
American history, such as most countries nowadays in the world” history, has been through several periods of crucial changes, socially, economically and in general, politically. Very frequently, this also led to some changes in the legislation that was applied and evolved through most...
Reform of Penalty Reductions in France
Summary - 2 pages - Criminal law
The French penal system has undergone several reforms aimed at improving the effectiveness of criminal penalties, including the introduction of a unique penalty reduction and the systematization of conditional release.
Evolution of Penal Law and Royal Power in 17th-Century France: The Marquise de Brinvilliers Affair
Dissertation - 6 pages - Criminal law
Explore the intricacies of 17th-century French penal law through the lens of the Marquise de Brinvilliers trial, a landmark case that exemplifies the repressive justice system and royal power centralization of the Ancien Régime. Discover how this infamous affair not only highlighted the...
The Helvetic Republic (1798-1803)
Case study - 3 pages - Educational studies
The political system is a representative democracy. It was established on the basis of universal suffrage. This regime was all Swiss inhabitants who were 20 years of age of citizens with political rights. This representative democracy was based on the separation of powers. This means at...
Psychological Support for Traumatized Youth in MECS: Understanding Attachment and Trauma
Internship report - 8 pages - Psychology
Unlock the Support System for Vulnerable Youth: Discover how the MECS pole provides a comprehensive care framework for young people aged 11-21, addressing severe psychological disorders and attachment issues stemming from trauma and abuse. Learn about the crucial role of psychologists in...
Police Roles and Responsibilities
Case study - 4 pages - Educational studies
Protecting people and ensuring that all the laws in the country are obeyed is such a great thing to do as a patriot in a country. The police department is one of the three features of the justice system in the United States of America together with the judicial and correction...
The Human Rights Act 1998 - Separation of Powers and Rule of Law
Text commentary - 3 pages - Constitutional law
The court's construction and implementation of s.3 and s.4 of the Human Rights Act 1998 require us to accept that the Act has had a radically transformative effect on orthodox understandings of the separation of powers and the rule of law. To answer this question, three points are addressed:...
