Externalizing and Internalizing Border Controls in an Era of Securitization
Download
Read an extract
Themes
Border controls, securitization, externalization, internalization, migration flows, immigration law, human rights
Reader
Abstract
Extract
of 3
Abstract
This paper by Cecilia Menjívar explores the evolution of borders, particularly in the United States and Europe, and the effects of externalization and internalization of border controls on migrant communities. A must-read for those interested in immigration law and policy.
Extract
[...] Besides, governments work also by sharing information and implementing international databases. Migration flows transit by certain states, called "transit states", that work closely with receiving states, through cooperation agreements such as providing appropriate assistance, as it can be seen between the United States and Mexico, the first being the receiving state and the latter the "transit state". Violence towards migrants seem to be more effective in these "transit" countries and lead to violation of human rights, particularly in "detention centres". [...]
[...] Immigration Law Beyond Borders: Externalizing and Internalizing Border Controls in an Era of Securitization - Cecilia Menjívar (2014) - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-110413-030842 1. Author's argument and issues raised In this paper, the author focuses on the evolution of borders, particularly in the United States and Europe, and on some of the related effects, such as the "externalization" and "internalization" of border controls that have emerged with the rise of security concerns, particularly after September 11." While globalisation has encouraged world trade, free movement of persons has suffered from immigration policies in a climate of securitization. [...]
[...] Yet, receiving countries usually defend and protect the concept of family, creating a paradox with their internal immigration policies that encourages separation of immigrants 'families and prevent them to settle in durably." 4. Conclusion Receiving countries continue to elaborate immigration policies for "national security" purposes, which have led to an expansion of borders, both internal and external, far from physical boundaries. While external policies are focused on preventing any migration through visa requirements and other strategies, such as cooperation with "transit states", internal policies are focused on deportation and detention, but also prevent immigrant´s families to be reunited or immigrant´s ability to work and settle. [...]
