Extract
[...] 1830-1962, La Découverte, 2014 CONRAD Philippe The Maghreb under French domination (1830-1962), Clio, January 2003 DE LAUBADERE André The international status of Morocco since 1955, In : French Yearbook of International Law, volume 1956 DEPERCHIN Annie and LEKEAL Farid The protectorate, alternative to the colony or mode of colonization? Research paths for the history of law, Cliothemis, 2011 GADILLE Jacques The official colonization of Morocco, In : Overseas notebooks. N° 32 - 8th year, October-December 1955 MEYNIER Gilbert Algeria and the Algerians under the colonial system. [...]
[...] The 'settler colony' thus includes, from the end of the 19th century, a quarter of French people, justifying, under successive political regimes, in the most Jacobin approach possible, an administration organized exclusively on the French model: three departments, municipalities? However, at least until the end of the 1940s, all dynamics of assimilation on other criteria than political stopped. The Pieds-Noirs, the name given to the colonizers and their descendants, many of whom were now born in Algeria, lived in largely superior economic conditions to those of the indigenous people, whose description of the unequal character could be long - even if it must be relativized, not all Pieds-Noirs being wealthy for the most part of them. [...]
[...] In fact, it appears that the protectorates allow France to favor its economic interests without investing as much as it would in an ordinary colony. It is therefore no surprise that this advantageous model is transposed to Morocco. II. Contrasting situations in 1954 A relatively moderate commitment by the French state in the protectorates Also, it is no surprise that several decades later, when the independence of the three territories is asserted, France finds itself facing very different situations, the complexity of French presence in Algeria contrasting with the more moderate penetration of colonizers in Tunisia and Morocco. [...]
[...] Decolonization of the Maghreb (1952-1962) - Mini-memoir Mini-memoir - Decolonization of the Maghreb (1952-1962) Introduction Two protectorates in Morocco and Tunisia, three French departments on Algerian territory. This was how the Maghreb was organized until the mid-20th century, at the end of a process that had taken nearly a century, from the capture of Algiers in 1830 to the completion of the colonization of Morocco almost a century later. In the space of a decade, however, marked by complex negotiations, but also by violence and a deadly war, this colonization came to an end, each of its territories gaining independence and a new form of relationship with France. [...]
[...] A different historical and statutory link Algeria, an old colonial history The first fundamental difference between Algeria and its neighbors lies in the early colonization of this territory, as early as 1830, in the last hours of the reign of the conservative Charles X. The causes of French military intervention in an Algeria still laboriously dominated by the Ottomans seem even relatively anecdotal, as Bouchene recalls, from delivery of Algerian wheat to the Directory on which a rather confused affair of debt of two merchants'1. » Péan goes in the same direction but goes a bit further upstream by evoking the French debt towards Algeria, as well as the financial difficulties of Paris in general. [...]
