International negotiation and diplomacy
Essay - 5 pages - Economy general
Nowadays the phenomenon of globalization is in our everyday life. International relations between countries or international decisions concerning politics and business are the result of international negotiation. Negotiation is the pursuit of an understanding that is focused on material interests...
The role of WTO in the process of globalization
Essay - 6 pages - Economy general
1947 - After a war that ravaged the world, the GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) opened the door to the internationalization of markets: lower tariffs, dumping and fight against the quota, while a series of measures were taken to move towards greater economic liberalism. 1994 -...
Economic stimulus packages and bail outs
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
One of the largest and most frightening problems associated with the economic stimulus packages and the bail outs is the idea that the government is simply ignoring the powers and limits the Constitution applies to it. This can be a frightening scenario because the Constitution was put into place...
Why Women are losing ground on Wall Street?
Essay - 8 pages - Economy general
In 2007, 1.2 billion women were working worldwide. It was 200 million or 18.4 percent higher compared to ten years. But the number of unemployed women also grew during the same period, rising from 70.2 to 81.6 million, and in 2007, with an unemployment rate of 6.4 percent, women continued to have...
The negative effects of the globalization process on the least developed countries
Essay - 6 pages - Economy general
The globalization process began thirty years ago with the borders opening promoted by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (now called World Trade Organization). In spite of the fact that 32 of the 50 LDC are members of the WTO, their influence is not as important as the United-State's and...
Assessing the impact of oil on the Norwegian economy
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
Describing Norway as a wealthy nation almost comes close to using a truism. In terms of Gross Domestic Product per capita, Norway was the 19th richest country in the world in the seventies, and is now ranked second among worldwide, just after Luxembourg. (Halvorsen & Sterno 2008 :28). The picture...
International portfolio's diversification and stock markets volatility
Essay - 20 pages - Economy general
The current paper aims at studying the volatility of thirteen stock markets returns (mature and emerging) by means of ARCH models in order to see its effects on the potential gains of international diversification. Then, we identify the effects of the volatility's temporal variation on the...
Which extension is possible for Europe and and with what consequences?
Essay - 18 pages - Economy general
"A day will come when all the nations of the continent will merge strictly in a superior unity and will constitute the European brotherhood" it will have been necessary more than a century so that this premonitory speech of Victor Hugo pronounced in 1849, pass from utopia to the reality. The...
Impact on export during the recent financial crisis
Essay - 25 pages - Economy general
The paper describes the export situation during the recent financial crisis. Since this topic is very large, it was impossible for us to cover all of its multiple aspects and we decided only to highlight a small part of it. We confine our analysis by comparing two different types of countries;...
Anti-dumping in developing countries
Essay - 22 pages - Economy general
In most countries of the world, trade policy regimes have moved from protectionism to more outward and liberal trade regimes in the last two decades: tariffs and quotas have been reduced. A work by M. Zanardi and M. Moore (2008) shows that adopting a declining applied tariffs increase the use of...
Economic partnership agreements
Essay - 38 pages - Economy general
The developing countries are negotiating preferential trade agreements with the European Union since always. This paper will explain the different treaties which have been put in place along the way between 1957 and now. Since it would be too long to describe the situation implying all the ACP...
The Informal Economy in Eastern Africa - Definitions, Impact and Challenges
Essay - 20 pages - Economy general
The first studies concerning the informal sector were conducted back in the 1970s. It was first considered as a marginal phenomenon, comprising activities not totally distinct from the formal sector. Since then, more institutions showed interest in this very specific part of the economy and...
John Kennith Galbraith: The Last of the Institutionalists
Essay - 2 pages - Economy general
John Kenneth Galbraith is a very radical economist whose biggest impact took place during the 1950s as the rebound of the Second World War left the United States penniless. Born in Canada but practices in the U.S., John Kenneth Galbraith is one of the most influential economists the United Sates...
Economic reform in China and Russia: A Comparison
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
When economic reforms first began in China and Russia, regime stability, when classified as a product of political legitimacy, has, overall, seen only marginal change. Though they are now classified as illiberal democracies, and have opened up economically—China more so than Russia —...
Cost realism analysis
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
Cost realism analysis is the process of evaluating the methodology by the offeror to estimate the proposed cost and is done by using information other than cost or pricing data (Cole, 2001). This technique is useful in selecting the offeror that best fits the awards of the contract. It is done...
State Treasury: The guardian of public funds
Essay - 9 pages - Economy general
The birth of State Treasury facilitated the creation of better conditions and possibilities for the organization of cash register execution accountancy of consolidated general budget components, especially regarding the collecting incomes, a better control on payments and also to increase...
Monetary Policy in the Euro System
Essay - 13 pages - Economy general
From 1945 to 1970, the monetary policy was part of the Bretton Woods system. The adherent countries must maintain a fixed exchange rate between their currencies and the U.S. one. With the collapse of this system in 1970, some countries have adopted a floating exchange rate, which is a system...
The Tobin Tax: relevance or utopia?
Essay - 5 pages - Economy general
In 1972, when the world was plagued by monetary upheavals, the economist James Tobin submitted a proposal to tax currency transactions, which would enable governments to regain their independent macroeconomic policy, at a conference at Princeton University. The main objective of such a tax is to...
The current financial crisis compared with the 1929 crisis
Essay - 10 pages - Economy general
The growing number of newspapers and magazines citing similarities between the 1929 crisis and the current crisis raises questions about the relevance of these comparisons. Since the 1930s, the world has experienced other crises, but the magnitude that one is now experiencing, explains the key...
The emerging triad in the new global economy
Essay - 7 pages - Economy general
Since 1980, the third technological revolution has been booming; a revolution based mainly on new information technologies and brand firmly established as a "new economy". With the help of these technologies, particularly the Internet, the information economy itself is now seen in the global...
Does Islamic finance have the potential to develop in France?
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
Since the opening of the first Islamic bank in Egypt in 1963, Islamic finance has exponentially increased in influence and visibility worldwide. While it remains a small player in the world of finance (0.5%), Islamic finance is becoming increasingly important due to significant increases in oil...
The European project of ecotaxes
Essay - 12 pages - Economy general
In October 1991 the European Commission sent the Council a draft action program called the European project of environmental taxes that encouraged members of the European Union to introduce environmental taxes. This project was a sustainable development policy to tax the polluters to make them...
Underground Economy in the European Union: Moonlighting
Essay - 24 pages - Economy general
The black market, also known as the underground economy, has a substantial arsenal of words to describe it: black economy, illegal economy, unreported, unrecorded, ghost, invisible economy etc. Undeclared work also falls into the category of underground economy. This consists of different...
French language as a tool for trade facilitation in West Africa
Essay - 7 pages - Economy general
The French language is important for trade relations. In the case of ECOWAS, no study has been undertaken to establish this to facilitate trade. ECOWAS is one of the economic blocs in West Africa which was founded on May 28, 1975, in order to promote cooperation and integration among West African...
The World Trade Organization (WTO) - successes and failures
Essay - 6 pages - Economy general
In order to make the world trade as free as possible, the World Trade Organization (WTO) relies upon principles. Firstly, the non-discrimination principle ensures that no country benefits more from trade than another country. The WTO wants to promote equality among the members. Moreover, the...
What effects does globalization have on emerging markets? - published: 29/09/2010
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
Following the abandonment of the Bretton Woods system in 1971, the US and Great Britain started to spread their market-oriented policies leading to what we call today, globalization. The European Commission defines globalization as 'the process by which markets and production in different...
How Can Outsourcing to Emerging Markets Be Used to Gain Competitive Advantage? - published: 29/09/2010
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
Since the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989, the world has become more globalised than ever (Global Policy, 2003). This globalisation has changed the world and especially the economic and business structure of emerging countries. Outsourcing is ‘a contractual delegation to an outside...
The Impact of the Global Economic Recession on the Emerging Markets - published: 29/09/2010
Essay - 4 pages - Economy general
Developed countries are facing our today's global economic recession with difficulties like the previous financial crises. Are Emerging economies undergoing this crisis differently? According to Minsky and his readjustment of Fisher's theory, today's subprime crisis which affects the...
New economic geography - what does it imply? - published: 29/09/2010
Essay - 2 pages - Economy general
An economy is a set of human and social activities and institutions related to the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods and services. Thus, it corresponds to the organized way a society provides for the wants and needs of its people. In a global context, there are different...
The Euro: Costs & Benefits for France
Essay - 3 pages - Economy general
On the 1st of January 1999, the euro went into circulation as a common currency for eleven of the fifteen European Union countries, with Greece joining in 2001. France joined in 1999. The ratification of the Maastricht treaty in November of 1993 provoked the creation of the European Monetary...
