Extract
[...] However, at the outset of this work, it must be recalled that if water is an element of conflict, it generally does not provoke armed conflict. In any case, for the moment. Indeed, even if access to this resource can be integrated into factors of crisis, it has not yet become the primary reason for the engagement of armed forces, but until when? Indeed, even if water has unfortunately become, by force of circumstances, a marketable product subject to competition, it goes without saying that the water problem cannot be solved solely by the laws of the market. [...]
[...] "Chapter 6. The Geopolitical Functions of Irrigation" Middle East. Power, Land, and Water, Under the direction of Blanc Pierre. Presses de Sciences Po pp. 193-208. Blanchon, David. "The New Geopolitical Issues of Water in Southern Africa"Hérodote, vol no pp. 113-137. Boëdec, François. [...]
[...] Thanks to these few numbers, we can measure the important issues behind this situation. With a thriving agricultural sector, Ethiopia must strengthen the rationality of its management of the Blue Nile before it flows into the White Nile, located downstream, that is, in Sudan. But again, the current situation with the recent creation of South Sudan (2011) complicates the situation for crisis exit scenarios in that negotiations between Khartoum, Juba and Addis-Abeba can be complicated to launch. Thus, in this case, we can assimilate this potentially crisis-generating situation to what Frédéric Lasserre calls the 'low-intensity internal conflicts'14 » (Lasserre, 2007). [...]
[...] Two examples will be able to illustrate our proposal of interstate conflicts for the control of resources. Firstly, let us take the most symptomatic case of the control of a river, or rather two in this case: the case of the Tigris and Euphrates, in the Middle East. Indeed, Turkey, where the two mythical rivers of the Bible are born in the Anatolian plains, is in a position of domination in the control of its two rivers due to its 22 dam and 19 power plant program, created unilaterally and without consultation with its downstream neighbors, namely Syria and Iraq. [...]
[...] In this sense, the example of Southern Africa is symptomatic. Following the major phenomenon of decolonization in this part of the African continent, the arbitration of this resource between the different countries in the region, regularly affected by floods (such as in Mozambique in 2000) or episodes of drought, has been able to cause tensions. In this sense, for David Blanchon, 'water became a major issue in the struggle between South Africa and its enemies, especially from the independence of Mozambique and Angola in 1975. [...]
