Laïcité, secularity, French Republic, separation of Church and State, law of 1905, neutrality in education, values of the Republic, freedom of religion, human rights
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Abstract
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Abstract
Laïcité is a fundamental principle of the French Republic, representing the separation of civil and religious societies. It is taught from a young age and is essential for living together in society.
Extract
[...] What is laïcité? Qualified as a French specificity, the first secular state in the world is nonetheless Rhode Island, a precursor to the secular state, founded by Roger Williams, an English colonist of New England and a pioneer of religious freedom. Laïcité requires respect for all beliefs and equality of all citizens before the law without distinction of religion, ideological or political affiliation. In France, it initially represented the principle of separation of civil society and religious society, the separation of Church and State in reference to the 1905 law. [...]
[...] Laïcité facing the evolution of society In conclusion, the permanent concern for its adaptation in accordance with the social evolution and its early learning testifies to the essential value that the principle of laïcité represents within the Republic. However, there is also a feeling of relative complexity regarding its application, inseparable from the neutrality of education and the State. The fault lies with the current world, which is increasingly under pressure from religious, ideological controversies. A situation, rather paradoxical to the concept of living together of the principle of laïcité, which prevents any neutrality. [...]
[...] In fact, since Article 10 of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in 1789, the principle of secularity has been re-adjusted at various times, probably in response to the evolution of society with a view to preservation. This is the case with the Ferry-Goblet school laws of and 1886, which establish the distinction between the sphere of personal beliefs and the domain of essential knowledge common to all. Also in 2004, the law relating to the regulation of the wearing of signs and clothing manifesting a belonging was voted. religous in schools and educational establishments, in application of the principle of secularity. In 2013, the charter of secularity in school is presented. [...]
[...] From then on, the ideal is to teach laïcité from the youngest age of instruction in a neutral education Instauration of symbols to share the principle of laïcité That is why, even if, in France, laïcité means a priori the principle of separation of civil society and religious society with the law of 1905, various symbols have been established to share it emotionally and intellectually over time, and this from the beginning of instruction. These symbols were established by the Constitution of 1958, art.2. [...]
