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Essays in international law

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30 mai 2026

International Law Norms Binding States

Essay - 4 pages - International law

This document discusses how states can be bound by international law norms without their explicit acceptance, through various means such as treaties, custom, and the role of international organizations and judges.

30 mai 2026

Consent of States in Public International Law

Essay - 3 pages - International law

The role of State consent in the formation of international treaties and customary law, two equivalent sources of public international law.

05 mai 2026

Palestine Statehood and Armed Groups Under International Law

Essay - 3 pages - International law

Analysis of Palestine's statehood claim and the status of Palestinian armed groups under international law, including their recognition and obligations.

15 avril 2026

Civil Liability in Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Essay - 2 pages - International law

The document discusses the civil liability of parties involved in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, including the State of Israel, Palestinian Authority, and the international community.

14 avril 2026

International Criminal Law and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Essay - 4 pages - International law

This document examines the application of international criminal law to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, focusing on the criminal responsibility of political and military leaders.

28 févr. 2026

Right to Health: Legal Recognition and Effectiveness

Essay - 4 pages - International law

The right to health is a fundamental right that is recognized in law, but its effectiveness is limited by its normative scope and the presence of systemic inequalities.

24 févr. 2026

UEMOA Court of Justice Jurisprudence on Lawyer Profession

Essay - 4 pages - International law

Analysis of the UEMOA Court of Justice's role in harmonizing access to the lawyer profession amidst national resistances.

16 févr. 2026

Insufficient Regulation in High Seas: Impact of Deepwater Horizon Disaster

Essay - 5 pages - International law

The Deepwater Horizon disaster highlighted the insufficiency of the legal framework governing access to resources in high seas and the need for effective environmental protection.

16 févr. 2026

Insufficient Regulation of High Seas: Impact of Deepwater Horizon Disaster

Essay - 5 pages - International law

The Deepwater Horizon disaster highlighted the insufficiency of international law governing high seas, prompting calls for a more coherent and binding framework to regulate offshore oil exploitation and protect the environment.

13 févr. 2026

International Law and Dispute Resolution

Essay - 3 pages - International law

This document discusses the role of international law in resolving conflicts between states, its limitations, and the impact of political tensions on its effectiveness.

04 févr. 2026

UN Security Council: Pacification and Limitations

Essay - 6 pages - International law

The UN Security Council plays a crucial role in maintaining international peace and security since its inception in 1945. Despite its limitations and failures, it remains a major actor in international relations.

14 déc. 2025

State Succession in International Law

Essay - 5 pages - International law

This document examines the complexities of state succession in international treaties and UN membership, balancing normative stability with state sovereignty.

29 nov. 2025

International Organizations' Legal Personality: Evolution and Implications for Global Governance.

Essay - 5 pages - International law

Discover the evolving legal landscape of international organizations and their growing role in global governance. International organizations, though derivative subjects of international law, are increasingly recognized as possessing legitimate legal power on the international scene. Their legal...

18 nov. 2025

Transhumanism: Ethics, Technologies, and Human Rights

Essay - 5 pages - International law

Transhumanism is a cultural and intellectual movement that advocates for the use of cutting-edge technologies to enhance human capabilities, raising questions about ethics, human rights, and technological risks.

08 oct. 2025

ICJ Material Jurisdiction in International Law of War

Essay - 3 pages - International law

Analysis of the International Court of Justice's material jurisdiction in the context of international law of war, focusing on the case Ukraine v. Russian Federation.

06 sept. 2025

International Law and Climate Refugees

Essay - 5 pages - International law

This document examines how different branches of international law address the issue of climate refugees, including human rights, refugee law, migration law, and environmental law.

30 août 2025

Spanish Autonomism: A Legitimate Territorial and Administrative Articulation

Essay - 6 pages - International law

This document explores the concept of Spanish autonomism, a constitutionally framed and legitimate articulation between the central state and autonomous communities. It examines the Spanish Constitution's recognition of local autonomies and the principles that govern this relationship,...

26 févr. 2025

What Normative Power for Universal Organizations today? - International Labour Organization (ILO)

Essay - 4 pages - International law

Established in 1919, the International Labour Organization (ILO) belongs to the category of international organizations that emerged after the First World War in a context of international harmonization of standards in the wake of the League of Nations. Founded on a principle of tripartism...

29 déc. 2024

Is the fragmentation of International Law a pathological phenomenon or the sign of a healthy pluralism?

Essay - 4 pages - International law

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development Articles of Agreement of 1944 emphasizes that the World Bank must disregard political factors and solely base its decisions and operation on economic grounds. Highlighting that the consent-based nature of the international legal system...

10 févr. 2024

Advisory Opinion on The Wall - International Court of Justice - Article 51 of the United Nations Charter and the right of self-defense

Essay - 3 pages - International law

In its Advisory Opinion on The Wall, the International Court of Justice declared that Article 51 of the United Nations Charter "recognizes the existence of an inherent right of self-defense in the case of armed attack by one State against another State", thereby implying that the right of...

04 févr. 2024

How and why is International Law Binding on States?

Essay - 3 pages - International law

While the legal nature of the subject itself has been often discussed and debated, it is generally considered that international law has legal value, notably because of its binding effect. Indeed, international law is binding on states, with obligations based on both moral and formal reasons....

07 déc. 2023

What Consequences did the Treaty of Trianon have on Hungary?

Essay - 4 pages - International law

After 4 years of war between 1914 and 1918, the Allies marked their victory by signing different treaties, like the Treaty of Trianon. Indeed, this treaty was signed on the fourth of June 1920 in Versailles by, on the one hand, most of the Allies (the UK, France, the USA, Italy, the Kingdom of...

01 nov. 2023

Why do European courts refuse to enforce U.S. punitive damages?

Essay - 6 pages - International law

In terms of civil liability in Continental Europe, the principle is to compensate only for the damage. Civil liability is not punitive. The purpose is only to put the victim back in the situation she knew before the operative event. If the behavior deserves a sanction, it is a matter of criminal...

14 janv. 2023

Fragmentation and inconsistency in international investment law

Essay - 5 pages - International law

It is a fallacy to think of international investment law as a general, coherent regime. The rules of law are splintered and fragmented, both in terms of their formal source and in terms of their application of particular disputes. What is more, there are no mechanisms in international investment...

20 nov. 2022

The Jurisdictional Requirement of the Existence of a Legal Dispute

Essay - 2 pages - International law

In its 1974 judgment, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) resolved solely to admit a case before its framework on the very basis of the genuine existence of a dispute. This provision is not unique to the ICJ: the article 25(1) of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes...

17 nov. 2022

Non-Appearance by a State Compatible with the Adversarial Principle: an Adversarial Procedure Reinstated by the Court

Essay - 5 pages - International law

Since the occupation of Crimea in February 2014, the Russian Federation has been violating the prohibition on the use of force under international law in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter with respect to Ukraine. Moreover, it was already an armed attack within the meaning of Article 51 of the...

09 oct. 2022

History of the Common Law System on the English Legal System

Essay - 11 pages - International law

As a direct result of the colonization by the British, many of its states naturally acquired this common law system, being the English law in globo, maintaining its primary principles, procedures, actors and modes of proof. As a consequence of this adoption and utilization of English law, and the...

22 juin 2022

Administrative law in the United States

Essay - 4 pages - International law

Explaining the concept of administrative law can cause complications to many people. Therefore, before going further in this work, we will define the administrative law in advance for a better understanding. Administrative law is the set of rules that define the rights and obligations of an...

06 juin 2022

Essay on international agreements : sales of Covid-19 vaccines

Essay - 5 pages - International law

This situation has changed the world. Experiencing such situations require a certain level of implication and commitment on the international scale. Meaning, all the countries were henceforth concerned about this pandemic. Fever, dry cough, and exhaustion are the most prevalent Covid-19 symptoms....

01 mars 2022

How could international law support a transition to renewable sources of energy?

Essay - 4 pages - International law

Climate change is an international issue. Indeed, no matter how much greenhouse gases emissions decrease in Europe, if the world does not act collectively climate change and its consequences will continue. But climate change is not only an international topic, it intersects with many...