Poverty Reduction Strategies

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[...] This is why states like Brazil implement social programs such as the Bolsa Familia which focus on health, through vaccination, and education, through schooling, to get out of poverty6. However, such programs can only have limited effects if the state does not make significant investments in public schools and healthcare. 6. Promoting access to rights, the key element of public policies in the fight against poverty Finally, all the above measures are ineffective if individuals do not use their rights to benefit from them, particularly when they are permanently cut off from the rest of society by their state of poverty. [...]

[...] In fact, it can be noted that most Asian countries, where growth has benefited the reduction of poverty, have all implemented important land reform policies (China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan . ) before developing growth. 3. The reduction of relative poverty implies a policy of redistributing primary incomes Policies of growth can only serve to reduce absolute poverty, but not relative poverty, by definition, since the latter depends on the degree of income inequalities. Therefore, it is a matter of implementing a certain number of social minima, without however hindering growth, by limiting the appearance of poverty traps. [...]

[...] Poverty is a concept that can be understood in an absolute or relative sense. On the one hand, humans all need roughly the same things biologically to survive. On the other hand, poverty can be considered to depend on the context, and then defining who is poor is done by comparison to other members of a given population. We will not consider poverty by the same criteria in a developed economy or in an emerging country. Therefore, two types of poverty measurement are distinguished: absolute measures of poverty and relative measures. [...]

[...] In its report, Secours catholique points to the responsibility of the State in this situation and is concerned about the future impact of ongoing reforms such as pension reform, unemployment insurance reform, and reform affecting the conditions for receiving migrants. In the world, poverty is experiencing contrasting developments. Within a few decades, extreme poverty has virtually disappeared from countries that have experienced very strong growth, such as China. But it persists in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, where demonstrations and even uprisings are today causing difficulties for governments accused of not having implemented adequate policies (crisis in Chile, Bolivia . So, have states failed in their role in the fight against poverty? What is their exact role? [...]

[...] This is why today developed and developing states focus on the issue of non-recourse to law and benefits7. Thus, the state has a major role in the fight against poverty, whether through law or through economic policy, both redistributive and expansionary to promote economic growth. The role of the state does not preclude recourse to the market in a complementary manner in the fight against poverty, involving for example financial institutions. [...]